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Name___________________________
Period___________
What do you know about ROCKS?
Directions: Complete the following interactions about THE ROCK CYCLE and
answer the questions below.
Go to: http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/index.html
1. The three main types of rocks are _______________________,
_________________________ and _____________________________.
2. ______________________ rocks are formed from particles of sand, shells,
pebbles, and other fragments of material.
3. Examples of Sedimentary rocks type include _________________________ and
____________________________.
4. ____________________________. rocks are formed under the surface of the
earth from the __________________________ (change) that occurs due to
intense heat and pressure (squeezing).
5. The rocks that result from these processes often have
_______________________ layers and may have shiny crystals, formed by
minerals growing slowly over time, on their surface.
6____________________ rocks are formed when _____________________
(molten rock deep within the earth) cools and hardens. Sometimes the magma
cools inside the earth, and other times it erupts onto the surface from volcanoes
(in this case, it is called ___________________________).
7. Examples of this rock type include __________________ and
________________________.
8. Between _______________ and _____________kilometers (62 and 124 miles)
below the earth's surface, temperatures are hot enough to melt most rocks.
9. An additional factor that can transform rocks is the __________________
caused by tons of other rocks pressing down on it from above; ______________
and ___________________usually work together to alter the rocks under the
earth's surface.
10. This kind of change, which results from both rising temperature and pressure,
is called _________________________, and the resulting rock is a
______________________ rock.
11. The concept of the rock cycle is attributed to _______________________
__________________________ (1726—1797), the 18th-century founder of
modern geology.
12. The main idea is that rocks are continually ____________________ from one
type to another and back again, as forces inside the earth bring them closer to the
surface (where they are ________________________,
_________________________, and ____________________) and forces on the
earth sink them back down (where they are __________________,
_____________________, and ______________________).
13. The elements that make up rocks are never _______________ or
_____________________— instead, they are constantly being _______________.
Types of Rocks
Match the rock to the statement that best describes it.
Conglomerate, Gneiss, Limestone, Basalt, Obsidian, Marble
_____ __________ Can often be seen on mountainsides, where rocks formed
below the surface have been pushed up by movements in the earth's crust.
________________ It is formed when limestone is pushed down into Earth and
subjected to intense heat and pressure for long periods of time.
________________ You can see fossils in this rock and is found near oceans and
lakes.
________________ This rock has gas bubbles. These bubbles form when hot lava
from a volcano contains gases that escape from the rock as the lava cools.
________________ This rock has a glassy surface, which is created from lava that
cools so quickly that no crystals can form on its surface.
________________ This rock is made up of pebbles, stones, and smaller particles
pressed together by the action f waves or water.