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Transcript
12.3 THE TIDE OF WAR TURNS Angela Brown I Can discuss the importance of Lee’s victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. I Can explain how the Battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg turn the tide of the war. I Can describe the message of the Gettysburg Address. LEARNING TARGETS Battle Union Officer Confederate Officer Victor/ Why Fredericksburg Burnside Lee South/Burnside crossed right in front of Lee’s army; kept charging into gunfire. Chancellorsville Hooker Lee/Jackson Gettysburg Hooker Lee/Longstreet/ Pickett Vicksburg Grant Pemberton South/Lee split his army and sent Jackson around to attack; surprised Hooker; Jackson died after the battle. North/General Pickett charged the Union unsuccessfully. Confederates lost more than a third of their troops. North/Union army laid siege to Vicksburg. Confederate army surrendered. The greatest three-day battle ever fought in North America. Pickett’s charge end the bloodiest battle of the War. For the second time, Lee lost more than 1/3 of his army. The confederates began their retreat the next day. With victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg in 1863 the tide of war turned to favor the Union. THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG On July 4, 1863: 30,000 Confederate troops defending Vicksburg laid down their arms and surrendered. Former slaves celebrated Independence Day for the first time. Four days later, the Mississippi River was in the hands of the Union army, effectively cutting the Confederacy in two. THE IMPORTANCE OF 1863 On November 19, 1863, some 15,000 people gathered at Gettysburg to honor the Union soldiers who had died there just four months before. President Lincoln delivered a two-minute speech which became known as the Gettysburg Address. He reminded people that the Civil War was being fought to preserve a country that upheld the principles of freedom, equality, and self-government. The Gettysburg Address has become one of the best-loved and most-quoted speeches in the English language. It expresses grief at the terrible cost of war and the importance of preserving the Union. THE GETTYSBURG ADDRESS
