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Transcript
Nebular Theory E5.3A Explain how the solar system formed from a nebula of dust and gas in a spiral arm of the Milky Way Galaxy about 4.6 Ga (billion years ago). Milky Way Galaxy As viewed from Earth. Appears to be a milky band of stars across the sky. Milky Way Galaxy (Artist’s Interpretation) Observations suggest that it is a spiral galaxy. It is made up of a central bulge with spiral density arms radiating outward. The arms are areas with a concentration of matter, usually in the form of hydrogen gas, contained in clouds called nebulae. The Sun is located about ½ way out from the center to the edge on the Orion (local) Arm. Nebula Cloud of gas and dust. Sight of new star formation. Protostars • Gravity causes contraction of matter in clouds. Gravitational energy is converted into heat energy causing them to glow red. Protostars Protoplanetary Disk As gravity causes matter to contract toward the center, the cloud spins, creating a disk of unconsolidated matter surrounding this newly forming protostar. Protoplanetary disk Star blocked out to make protoplanetary disk visible Infrared allows astronomers to see dust surrounding stars. Accretion Matter not collected in the center is swept up in the protoplanetary disk forming early planets (protoplanets) through a process called accretion. Disks around young stars Meteorite evidence for accretion Evidence for the Nebular Theory 1. Observations of star forming regions (nebulae) and protoplanetary disks. 2. Age of rocks 3. Meteorite samples 4. Meteor craters throughout solar system 5. Asteroid belt
