Download CHAPTER 5 READING GUIDE – LIGHT AND QUANTIZED ENERGY

CHAPTER 5 READING GUIDE – LIGHT AND QUANTIZED ENERGY
1.
____________________ nuclear model did not begin to account for the _______________ and
_________________ in chemical behavior among the various elements.
2.
They observed that certain _______________ emitted visible _______________ when heated in a flame.
3.
Analysis of emitted light revealed that an element’s _________________ behavior is related to the
arrangement of the ________________ in its atoms.
4.
_________________ light is a type of ____________________ radiation – a form of energy that exhibits
__________________ behavior as it travels through space.
5.
Other examples of electromagnetic radiation include _________________ that cook your food, _____________ that doctors and dentists use to examine bones and teeth, and ______________ that carry radio and
television programs into homes.
6.
The _________________ is the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous
______________.
7.
The __________________ is the number of waves that pass a given point per _____________.
8.
The __________________ of a wave is the wave’s height from the ____________ to the _______________,
or from the ______________ to the _________________.
9.
All electromagnetic waves, including _____________ light, travel at a speed of ________________ in a
________________.
10. Although the speed of all _________________ waves in a vacuum is the same, waves can have different
_______________ and ________________.
11. _________________, which is one example of white light, contains a nearly continuous range of
________________ and _________________.
12. If you have ever seen a __________________, you have seen all of the visible colors at once.
13. The ___________________ spectrum, also called the EM spectrum, includes all forms of electromagnetic
radiation, with the only differences in the types of radiation being their _______________ and
___________________.
14. In addition to the radiation from the ______________, human activities also produce radiation which include
_________ and ________ signals, ___________ relay stations, _________________, medical ______________ equipment, and particle ________________.
15. The _______________ of an object is a measure of the average _______________ energy of its particles.
16. In 1900, German physicist ____________ _____________ began searching for an explanation of this
phenomenon as he studied the light emitted by _______________ objects.
17. A _______________ is the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom.
18. Planck proposed that the _________________ emitted by hot objects was _________________.
19. In the __________________ effect, _______________, called photoelectrons, are emitted from a
________________ surface when light of a certain frequency, or higher than a certain frequency, shines of
the surface.
20. A beam of light has _________________ and _________________ properties.
21. Extending Planck’s idea of quantized energy, ________________ calculated that a photon’s energy depends
on its frequency.
22. The light of the ______________ sign is produced by passing ______________through a tube filled with
neon gas.
23. Neon’s atomic _______________ spectrum consists of several individual lines of _____________
corresponding to the frequencies of the radiation emitted by the atoms of neon.
24. Each element’s atomic emission spectrum is _____________ and can be used to identify an
________________ or determine whether that element is port of an unknown compound.
25. ______________ proposed that the _______________ atom has only certain allowable _______________
states.
26. The lowest allowable energy state of an atom is called its _______________ state.
27. He suggested that the electron in a hydrogen atom moves around the _____________ in certain allowed
circular ______________.
28. Bohr suggested that the hydrogen atom is in the ______________ state, also called the ________________
energy level, when its ______________ electron is in the n=1 ______________.
29. Because only certain atomic energies are possible, only certain _______________ of electromagnetic
radiation can be emitted.
30. The movements of ________________ are not completely understood even now; however, substantial
evidence indicates that electrons do not move around the nucleus in ________________ orbits.
31. The ___ ___________ equation predicts that all moving particles have ____________ characteristics.
32. The ________________ uncertainty principle states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely
both the ______________ and _______________ of a particle at the same time.
33. The Heisenberg uncertainty principle also means that it is impossible to assign fixed paths for
_______________ like the circular orbits in Bohr’s model.
34. The wave function predicts a three-dimensional region around the _____________, called an _____________
orbital, which describes the _________________ probable location.
35. _________________ are labeled ____, _____, _____, or _____ according to the shapes of the atom’s orbital.
36. The arrangement of electrons in an atom is called the atom’s _____________ configuration.
37. The most ____________, lowest - _____________ arrangement of the electrons is called the elements
ground – state electron configuration.
38. The ______________ principle states that each electron occupies the _____________ energy orbital
available.
39. ________________ in orbitals can be represented by ______________ in boxes.
40. The ______________ exclusion principle states that a maximum of _________ electrons can occupy a single
atomic orbital, but only if the electrons have ______________ spins.
41. _______________ rule states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal – energy
orbital before additional electrons with opposite _____________ can occupy the same orbitals.