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Name______________________________________________________________________________ Date______________________________ Hour__________________ 18.1: Volcanoes __________1. Lava erupts through an opening in Earth’s crust called a a. vent b. crater c. caldera d. volcano __________2. A bowl –shaped depression that forms around the vent of a volcano is a a. magma chamber b. vent c. crater d. still c. hot spots d. shield volcanoes c. cinder cones d. shield volcanoes __________3. Broad, gently sloping volcanoes with quiet eruptions are called a. composite volcanoes b. cinder cones __________4. The most explosive volcanoes are a. hot spots b. composite volcanoes __________5. Most volcanoes form a. at hot spots b. at plate boundaries c. in the middle of continents d. in the center of ocean plates __________6. Which of the following forms when the top or side of a volcano collapses into the magma chamber? a. dike b. pyroclastic flow c. caldera d. vent __________7. _____________________________________ form(s) where plates move apart. a. Hot spots b. Divergent boundaries c. Subduction zones d. Convergent boundaries __________8. When magma reaches Earth’s surface, it is called a. a vent. b. a pyroclastic flow. c. lava. d. calderas. __________9. Volcanoes that form far from plate boundaries are associated with a. subduction zones b. divergent boundaries c. ocean ridges d. hot spots Label each type of volcano as composite volcano, cinder cone volcano, or shield volcano. ______________________________________________________________________10. _______________________________________________________________________11. _______________________________________________________________________12. Identify the type or types of volcano being described as shield volcano, cinder cone volcano, or composite volcano. 13. _________________________________________________Has broad, gently sloping sides and nearly a circular base. 14. _________________________________________________Forms when layers of basaltic lava accumulate during a non-explosive eruption. 15. _________________________________________________Mauna Loa in Hawaii is an example. 16. _________________________________________________Small volcano with steep sides. 17. _________________________________________________Forms when layers of hardened lava chunks alternate with lava. 18. _________________________________________________Mount St. Helens and Mount Rainier are examples. 19. __________________________________________________ Potentially the most dangerous to humans and most destructive to the environment. 20. __________________________________________________ Forms when small pieces of magma are ejected into the air then fall back to Earth and pile up around a vent. 21. __________________________________________________Magma that fuels this type of volcano contains large volumes of gases but not silica and water. Use each of the following terms just once to complete the passage. Hawaiian Islands ocean ridge crust volcanoes divergent Circum-Pacific Belt hot spots Iceland western mantle convergent Most of the world’s volcanoes form along 22_______________________________________ plate boundaries. Slabs of oceanic crust descend into the 23 ______________________________________ and melt. The magma that forms is forced upward through the overlying plate and forms 24_________________________________________ when it reaches Earth’s surface. The 25____________________________________ marks the locations of most convergent boundary volcanoes. It stretches along the 26______________________________________________ coasts of North and South America and down the eastern coast of Asia. At 27________________________________________________ plate boundaries, magma is forced upward into fractures and faults that form as plates separate or spread apart. Most of the volcanoes that form along divergent boundaries are located underwater along 28__________________________________________________. This type of volcanic activity can be observed above sea level in 29___________________________________________________________which sits atop the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Some volcanoes that form far from plate boundaries form over 30_____________________________________________________, which are unusually hot regions of Earth’s mantle. At hot spots, high-temperature plumes melt rock. The magma that forms moves upward toward the 31___________________________________________________________ and melts the crust to form a volcano. As a tectonic plate moves over a hot spot, a string of volcanoes forms. The 32______________________________________________________ are forming as the result of a hot spot.
