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Ancient China Study Guide
Write a sentence that shows the relationship between these phrases.
1.
First Chinese civilization // ____________ River.
2.
Chinese culture // unknown // world // mountains and deserts.
3.
Chinese // first to discover // _________ // kept secret
4.
Europe // Asia // Silk Road.
5.
Ancient China // ruled by // ______________
6.
Emperors // power to rule from // ____________ ____ ____________.
7.
Families of rulers // _____________// power for many generations //
until heaven sent a sign.
8.
The _____ Dynasty // built the Great Wall // protected China from
__________
Complete the analogy:
9.
Great Wall : barrier :: Silk Road :
10.
Cotton : plant :: Silk :
11.
Country : China :: Continent :
12.
Explain Confucianism
13.
Explain Daoism
14.
Explain Legalism
15.
How are these three Chinese philosophies related to the
Warring States?
Study the following:
The land and geography of China is best described as a variety of ecosystems.
Civilization in China began and succeeded because natural barriers kept out
invaders, man-made barriers kept out invaders and rivers provided fertile
farmland.
Most of the history of ancient China took place in Inner China.
Early settlers chose to live in Inner China rather than Outer China because Inner
China had rivers and rich soil.
Each year on the Chinese calendar is represented by an animal.
Of all the countries in the world, China has the most people.
The Tibet-Qinghai Plateau is called the “Roof of the World” because it is
very high above sea level.
The Taklimakan Desert is one of the most dangerous deserts in the world
because of sandstorms and shifting dunes.
Which area of china is known for its deserts?
Which area of China is near the best farmland and early settlement?
What belongs in the blank space on the diagram?
Rise to power/
government
Achievements
Loss of power
Shang
 Divided China into
small kingdoms
with wealthy nobles
in charge.
 oracle bones
 strong army
 bronze weapons




Constant warfare
Misspent money
Corrupt rulers
Attacked by Zhou
Zhou
 Conquered Shang
 Mandate of Heaven
Qin
 Took over Zhou
 Strict control (Legalism)
 China’s first emperor




Iron weapons
Catapult
Chopsticks
Philosophers


Unified China’s kingdoms
Standardized laws,
measurements, and money


Warring States
Conquered by Qin



Wanted to live forever
Emperor Qin Shihuangdi died
Chinese people rebelled in
civil war
Confucius valued respect most highly.
“I am a follower of Confucius. I am the oldest of three children in my family. My
younger sister and brother have to obey me. In return, I must set a good
example."
Exams for civil servants was a later practice in China that shows the influence of
Confucian thought.
If you were a laborer, Confucius would say that you should behave properly for
your role.
Daoists taught that people could gain happiness by living in harmony with
nature.
In a chart titled “Yin and Yang,” pleasure would be paired with pain.
One way that Daoism influenced China was it became a popular religion.
The Legalist view of human nature was that people are basically selfish.
Hanfeizi, whose teachings were the basis for Legalism, wrote that rulers should
emphasize rewards and punishments.
Hanfeizi would say that rulers must exercise absolute power and control to avoid
being overthrown.
The Pamir Mountains along the Silk Road exposed travelers to the dangers listed
below:
• Lack of oxygen
• Narrow passes
• Steep cliffs
• Snowstorms
Europeans learned some Chinese manufacturing methods is an example of how
culture was diffused through the Silk Road.
Even ideas and religion was spread along the Silk Road. For example, travelers
carried Buddhist beliefs from India to China