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Metamorphic Rocks Chapter 5 • Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been altered due to heat, pressure and/or chemical fluids • The original rock is called the parent rock • The metamorphosed rock is known as the daughter rock Parent Rock Example Daughter Rock Example (May be igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic) (Metamorphic rock) Sandstone (Sedimentary) Quartzite Limestone (Sedimentary) Marble Granite (Igneous) Gneiss Metamorphic Rocks • During alteration, rocks are re-crystallized and new minerals may form from old minerals • Layering, or foliation, within metamorphic rocks appears when rocks experience pressure in one direction. • Minerals align themselves perpendicularly to the direction of pressure • Not all metamorphic rocks display foliation Metamorphic Rocks Foliation • There are two types of metamorphism: – Regional – Contact • Regional metamorphism is widespread and occurs during mountain-building events. • Rocks in this area experience high heat and high pressure. Metamorphic Rocks • Contact metamorphism affects rocks in contact with liquid magma. These rocks experience high heat but low pressure Rocks & Minerals