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ROMAN HISPANIA
PRE-ROMAN PEOPLE
• Before roman conquest, the Iberian Peninsula
was divided into two different cultural groups:
the Iberians and the Celts
Iberians
• The Iberians occupied the eastern part of the Peninsula
Iberian politics
• The Iberians organised in city-states governed
by kings or chieftains
• They lived in fortified villages with rectangular
houses built straight in a line
Iberian culture
• They used writing
and did beautiful
sculptures such as
the Lady of Elche
Celtic people
• Celts inhabited small fortified villages called
castros in the north of the peninsula
• They were organised in clans and tribes led by
chieftains
• They had no writing and their sculptures were
not so beautiful as the iberian ones
Verraco
ROMAN HISPANIA
• Romans arrived in the Peninsula during the
Punic Wars against Carthaginians
• To fight Hannibal, general Publius Scipio
arrived in Ampurias and began the conquest
of the Peninsula in 218 BC
• The conquest of Hispania took 200 years
because the celtiberians resisted against
Roman armies (Numantia -133 BC-)
• Homework: pg 147 act. 2
KEY
Stages
First
Chronology
218 – 170 BCE
Modern territories
South and eastern
coast of the
Peninsula
The Meseta
Second
154 – 133 BCE
Third
123 – 121 BCE
Balearic Island and
more territories in
the Peninsula
Fourth
29 – 19 BCE
Cantabria, Asturias,
Castille-Leon and
parts of Galicia
Numantia
The siege of Numantia
• The inhabitants of Numantia
fought against the Roman
legions for twenty years. In
the year 133 BC the general
Publius Cornelius Scipio was
given orders to capture the
city. The general avoided
direct confrontation with the
numantians by surrounding
the city for several months.
Most of the defendants of
the city preferred to set fire
to it and die rather than
surrender
ROMANISATION: gradual adaptation to
the Roman way of life made possible
by 
• Romanisation Factors (book pg 145):
– The army
– The cities
– Latin
– Public constructions ( ROADS)
ROMANISATION
• In order to administrate the Peninsula,
Romans divided Hispania into provinces
Roman Hispania
Aqueduct of Segovia
Theatre of Mérida
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3z_SZbw
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• From 1,25