Download The subjective scale of intensity used most often to show areas of

The subjective scale of intensity used most often to show areas of equal shaking is called the
_____________ Scale.
a. Richter
b. Slater
c. McGuire d. Modified Mercalli
In the Figure below, where would you expect the worst shaking to occur?
a. A b. B c. C
d. D
In the same Figure, where would you expect the least shaking to occur?
a. A b. B c. C
d. D
A body wave that will not travel through a liquid is a ____________.
a. Gravity wave
b. P wave
c. S wave
d. none of these is correct
The waves or wave that just runs along the surface are/is ___________.
a. Magnetic wave
b. Rayleigh wave
c. P and S waves
d. Love and Rayleigh
The following seven questions refer to the faults in figure below.
Which of the above choices is a true reverse fault?
a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E f. F g. G
Which of the above choices is a true normal fault? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E f. F g. G
Which is a blind thrust fault? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E f. F g. G
Which is a right-lateral, strike-slip fault? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E f. F g. G
Fault G is an oblique fault, specifically a transtensional fault.
a. True
b. False
Which of the following fault(s) would result from stretching forces?
a. a&b b. b&c
c. c
d. d e. none of these choices
In Figure E, the hangwall (headwall) is up in relation to the footwall.
a. True
b. False
c. Can’t be determined without more data
Which of the following pairs of faults are the results of compressive stresses?
a. a&b b. b&c
c. d&e
d. none of these
When you squeeze the earth it generally becomes __________.
a. thinner
b. thicker
c. sicker
d. slicker
If you stretch the earth it generally becomes __________.
a. thinner
b. thicker
c. both
d. none of these
The fault shown in the map view to the right is a
a. Reverse fault
b. dip-slip fault
c. right-lateral, strike-slip fault
d. left-lateral, strike-slip fault
___________________________________________________________________
The following two questions refer to the two “map view” drawings below of steps in strike-slip
fault systems (i.e., constraining or releasing bends)
FIGURE A
FIGURE B
Figure A is a _____________________________.
a. right-lateral strike slip fault system that causes compression.
b. right-lateral strike slip fault system that causes extension.
c. left-lateral strike slip fault system that causes compression.
d. left-lateral strike slip fault system that causes extension.
25. Figure B is a ______________________________.
a. right-lateral strike slip fault system that causes compression.
b. right-lateral strike slip fault system that causes extension.
c. left-lateral strike slip fault system that causes compression.
d. left-lateral strike slip fault system that causes extension.
In which Figure would you expect mountains to form in between the steps?
a. Figure A
b. Figure B
In what Figure would you expect a valley to form in between steps?
a. Figure A
b. Figure B
The ray labeled A in the figure to the right is a
__________ray.
a. reflected b. deflected
c. defracted d. none of the above
A
V1
V2  V1
V2
B
30. The ray labeled B is a ________ ray.
a. reflected b. refracted c. defracted d. none of the above
31. Total destruction (highest rating) of a populated area from an earthquake would be given
which rating on the Modified Mercalli scale?
a. XVII b. XX
c. XII
d. XIIII
32. Earthquakes in the central and eastern part of the United States can be destructive over
much larger areas than the same size quake in the western United States.
a. True
b. False
33. Name the one feature not found at a divergent boundary.
a. a rift valley b. high heat flow c. shallow earthquakes
d. a trench
37. Magnetic stripes are areas of the oceanic crust that retain the magnetic field at the time of
their formation along oceanic ridges, usually display symmetric bands on either side of the
ridge, and the magnetic anomalies are older as one gets farther from the ridge.
a. True b. False
50. The point labeled A in the Figure below is ____________ .
a. the locus b. the epicenter c. the hypocenter
d. a fault scarp
51. The point labeled B in the Figure below is the ____________.
a. hexocenter
b. omnicenter
c. epicenter d. none of the above
52. C in the Figure below is the ________________.
a. hypocenter b. omnicenter c. fault scarp d. none of these
55. The Elastic Rebound Theory is made up of four parts. Which of the following is in the correct
sequential order?
a. stress, rebound, rupture, strain
b. rebound, rupture, stress, strain
c. stress, strain, rupture, rebound
d. none of these is correct
1) Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the Earth from inside to outside?
A) inner core, outer core, crust, mantle
B) inner core, mantle, outer core, crust
C) crust, inner core, outer core, mantle
D) inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
E) mantle, inner core, crust, outer core
Answer: D
Section: 2.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) Which of the following best describes the internal structure of the earth?
A) An orange, it has a thin peel with a solid, but watery inside
B) A bowling ball, it is completely solid all the way through
C) An egg, it is solid at the core, surrounded by liquid and then a hard outer shell
D) A geode, it is hollow at the center with a strong, hard, outside layer
E) A chocolate covered cherry, it is solid at the core surrounded by a liquid layer and semi-solid
layer, then covered in a thin solid coating
Answer: E
Section: 2.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
6) How do geologists know about the inside of the Earth?
A) They have drilled holes into the Earth and sent sensors down to its center
B) They study very large canyons that have been uplifted from the center of the Earth
C) They study the movement of earthquake waves throughout the Earth
D) They study the movement of water waves in the ocean
E) They have built a ship that can dig into the Earth and take a team of scientists to its center
Answer: C
Section: 2.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
7) Where are earthquakes generally found?
A) convergent boundaries
B) divergent boundaries
C) Transform Fault boundaries
D) Hot spots
E) Earthquakes are found on all of the above locations
Answer: E
Section: 2.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
10) Which of the following is true about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
A) It is in the middle of the ocean
B) It is a divergent boundary where tectonic plates move apart
C) It is a place where new lithosphere is created
D) It is a site of deep sea volcanoes and mountains
E) All of the above are true about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Answer: E
Section: 2.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
11) The energy for Plate Tectonics comes from
A) the magnetic field of the earth
B) heat from the sun
C) gravity between the earth and moon
D) ocean currents
E) heat from the earth's core
Answer: E
Section: 2.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
12) The Himalayas are associated with which of the following plate boundaries?
A) Ocean-continental convergence
B) Ocean-ocean convergence
C) Continent-continent convergence
D) Divergent
E) Transform Fault
Answer: C
Section: 2.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
14) If you wanted to draw the boundaries of plates on a globe, which of the following maps
would give you the most complete information?
A) map of active volcanoes
B) map of mid-ocean ridges
C) map of earthquake distribution
D) map of the edge of continental shelves
E) map of hot spots
Answer: C
Section: 2.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
15) The Hawaiian Islands are an example of:
A) Two Ocean plates converging
B) Two Continental plates converging
C) Diverging plates
D) Hot Spots
E) Transform Fault Boundary
Answer: D
Section: 2.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
16) What is paleomagnetism?
A) The study of the magnetism of rocks at their origin
B) The study of magnetism during ice ages
C) The study of magnetism at the Earth's core
D) The study of magnetism of new magma
E) The study of magnetism of the Earth's poles
Answer: A
Section: 2.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
18) The youngest seafloor rocks are found:
A) nearest to the mid-ocean ridges
B) nearest to the continental shelves
C) evenly distributed throughout the ocean
D) underneath the continents
E) where the ocean is the flattest
Answer: A
Section: 2.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
23) The inside of the Earth is composed of layers that have different properties.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 2.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
24) The Crust of the earth is considered the thinnest layer of the earth.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 2.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
29) During subduction, one plate sinks under another tectonic plate.
Answer: TRUE
Section: 2.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
32) Explain the concept of convection. Describe how convection may work in the Mantle of the
earth.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
33) Explain how the seafloor expands and then explain why the Earth does not get any bigger or
smaller.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
36) Describe how the Hawaiian Islands were formed and explain how they are evidence for
plate motion.
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge, Application
3) What is the difference between earthquake Intensity and Magnitude?
A) Only strong earthquakes have intensity
B) Intensity refers to the effects that earthquakes have, Magnitude refers to energy released
C) Intensity cannot be measured, but Magnitude can
D) Intensity refers to energy released and magnitude refers to energy released
E) Only weak earthquakes have intensity
Answer: B
Section: 3.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
8) Which of the following best describes a fault?
A) A place on the Earth where there are giant gaps or canyons
B) A place on the Earth where there are caves or large holes hidden under the ground
C) A place on the Earth where the continent meets the ocean
D) A place on the Earth where there is a giant chasm usually filled with magma
E) A place on the Earth where there is a break and both pieces are sliding against each another
Answer: E
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
9) How quickly do faults slip?
A) millimeters per second
B) millimeters per minute
C) millimeters per day
D) millimeters per year
E) Faults don't ever slip
Answer: D
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
11) In which of the following faults does the hanging wall move down relative to the footwall?
A) Normal Fault
B) Reverse Fault
C) Thrust Fault
D) Blind Fault
E) Strike Slip Fault
Answer: A
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
12) Which type of fault is a Transform Fault?
A) Normal Fault
B) Reverse Fault
C) Thrust Fault
D) Blind Fault
E) Strike Slip Fault
Answer: E
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
15) Which of the following statements is false about P-waves?
A) P-waves are the fastest of the waves.
B) P-waves can move through solid, liquids, or gasses.
C) P-waves move with a push/pull motion.
D) P-waves cause the most damage in an earthquake.
E) All of the above statements about P-waves are true.
Answer: D
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
16) Which wave is the last to reach the seismograph station?
A) P-waves
B) S-waves
C) Surface waves
D) Body waves
E) All of the waves reach the station at the same time
Answer: C
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
17) Which wave produces the smallest amplitude?
A) P-waves
B) S-waves
C) Surface waves
D) Body waves
E) All of the waves have the same magnitude
Answer: A
Section: 3.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
18) The distance to the epicenter of an earthquake is found ________
A) by locating the area where most of damage is centered.
B) by comparing the arrival times of the S-and P-waves.
C) by comparing the magnitudes at different locations.
D) by measuring the frequencies of waves at different stations.
E) by watching to see where the tsunami forms.
Answer: B
Section: 3.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
19) Which of the following is true about seismographs taken far from the epicenter of the
earthquake as compared to those that are closer?
A) There will not be any P-waves detected
B) There will not be any S-waves detected
C) The P and S waves will be closer together
D) The P and S waves will be further apart
E) The amplitude of the waves will be larger
Answer: D
Section: 3.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
20) The amount of shaking that is felt from an earthquake depends on ________
A) location with respect to the epicenter.
B) depth of focus.
C) direction of the epicenter.
D) earth materials through which the waves move.
E) All of the above.
Answer: E
Section: 3.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
22) Mexico City was built on mud deposits. How will this affect the earthquake hazard there?
A) Earthquakes will be dampened there
B) There will not be any earthquakes there
C) Earthquakes shaking will be increased
D) P waves will be seen, but not S waves
E) There will be more earthquakes, but they won't travel far
Answer: C
Section: 3.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
26) What causes earthquakes in San Francisco?
A) Dip-slip faults from Subduction
B) Transform faults
C) Dip-slip faults from divergent plate boundaries
D) Dip-slip faults from convergent plate boundaries
E) These are intraplate earthquakes
Answer: B
Section: 3.5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
36) During an earthquake will one side of the fault always rise up relative to the other side?
A) Yes. Earthquakes are always associated with upward movement along the fault
B) Yes. Earthquakes are always associated with subduction
C) No. Faults in earthquakes never move up and down.
D) No. Faults in earthquakes sometimes are preceded by ground uplift, but not always
E) No. Faults that rise up are usually associated with volcanoes and not earthquakes
Answer: D
Section: 3.9
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
3. What are the main types of lithospheric plate boundaries, described in terms of relative
motions? Provide a real example of each (by name or location).
ANSWER: Rift (or spreading) zones: Mid-Atlantic Ridge; subduction zones: Cascadia subduction
zone (High Cascades); continental collision zones: India against Asia (Himalayas); transform
faults: San Andreas Fault
4. Why does oceanic lithosphere almost always sink beneath continental lithosphere at
convergent zones?
ANSWER: Oceanic lithosphere is denser/heavier.
1. Explain how earthquakes occur according to the elastic rebound theory. Draw sketches to
support your explanation.
ANSWER: Rocks across a fault are stressed and bent elastically. Ultimately, they fracture during
an earthquake, and the two sides straighten out, leaving them offset across the fault.
1. The age of the Earth is about ________________.
A. 10 million years
B. 100 million years
C. 1000 million years
D. 460 million years
E. 4600 million years
15. The hotspot-melting-through-lithosphere process forms lines of extinct volcanoes on the
ocean floor, from youngest to oldest, ______________________.
A. with random ages along the lines
B. in a direction pointing toward the sun
C. pointing at 90 degrees to the direction of plate movement
D. pointing in the opposite direction of plate movement
E. pointing in the direction of plate movement
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Other Evidence of Plate Tectonics
17. Moving progressively away from the ridges, the ocean water depths increase systematically
with seafloor age due to all but which of the following?
A. cooling and contraction of the oceanic crust with a resultant increase in density
B. isostatic down warping due to the weight of sediments deposited on the sea floor
C. erosion of the older ocean floor by deep ocean currents
D. conduction of heat away from the molten surface rocks
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Other Evidence of Plate Tectonics
18. When oceanic lithosphere collides with another plate, the ________ in the process of
subduction.
A. older, colder plate goes beneath the younger, warmer plate
B. younger, warmer plate goes beneath the older, colder plate
C. plates both disappear downward
D. plates pile up, forming mid-ocean ridges
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Other Evidence of Plate Tectonics
19. The slide-past motions of long transform faults occur in all but which of the following?
A. In the northeastern Pacific as the Queen Charlotte fault, located near a sparsely populated
region of Canada.
B. Along the San Andreas Fault in California with its famous earthquakes.
C. At the southwestern edge of the Pacific Ocean where the Alpine fault cuts across the South
Island of New Zealand.
D. Where the Indian subcontinent touches Asia.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Plate Tectonics
The __________ is measured in cross-sectional view as the angle of inclination from horizontal
of a tilted rock layer, and _______ is viewed in map view as the compass bearing of the rock
layer where it intersects a horizontal plane.
A. strike; strike
B. dip; dip
C. strike; dip
D. dip; strike
E. strike and dip; strike and dip
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
47. Faults on which the dominant forces are extensional are recognized by the separation of the pulledapart rock layers in a zone of omission. These are ____________.
A. reverse faults
B. thrust faults
C. transform faults
D. strike-slip faults
E. normal faults
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
48. A normal fault occurs when the hanging wall moves ________ relative to the footwall.
A. up
B. down
C. to the left
D. to the right
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
49. With compressional forces, the hanging wall moves upward relative to the footwall; this type of fault
is referred to as a __________ fault.
A. reverse
B. subnormal
C. transform
D. strike-slip
E. normal
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
50. ________ faults are commonly found at areas of plate convergence where subduction or continental
collision occurs.
A. Reverse
B. Normal
C. Transform
D. Strike-slip
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
51. When most of the movement along a fault is horizontal, the fault is referred to as a __________
fault.
A. reverse
B. thrust
C. normal
D. strike-slip
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
52. The strike-slip San Andreas Fault in California is a _______ fault more than 800 miles long.
A. right-lateral
B. left-lateral
C. thrust
D. normal
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
54. Can the same fault be classified as both a strike-slip and a transform fault?
A. yes
B. no
C. only if it is also a reverse fault
D. only if it is also a normal fault
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Types of Faults
60. _________ waves are transverse waves that propagate by shearing or shaking particles in their path
at right angles to the direction of advance.
A. Love
B. Rayleigh
C. PD. SE. Both Love and S
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Seismic Waves
64. Seismic waves that travel only near the Earth's surface are of two main types: _________ waves.
A. S- and Love
B. P- and Rayleigh
C. P- and SD. P- and Love
E. Love and Rayleigh
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Seismic Waves
65. The _________ waves' motion is similar to S waves, except it is from side-to-side in a horizontal
plane roughly parallel to the Earth's surface.
A. Rayleigh
B. PC. Love
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Seismic Waves
66. The ________ waves advance in a backward-rotating, elliptical motion.
A. SB. PC. Love
D. Rayleigh
E. None of these are correct.
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Seismic Waves
69. Earthquake moment is calculated by multiplying all but which of the following quantities together?
A. the shear strength of the rocks
B. the rupture area of the fault
C. the average displacement (slip) on the fault
D. the Modified Mercalli Intensity at the epicenter
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Magnitude of Earthquakes
73. The intensity of an earthquake is influenced by all but which one of the following?
A. earthquake magnitude
B. distance from the hypocenter/epicenter
C. type of rock or sediment making up the ground surface
D. the presence of people to record their innermost feelings
E. duration of shaking
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: Earthquake Intensity—What We Feel During an Earthquake