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Download Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR)
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Transcript
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) IBR is a highly infectious and contagious disease caused by a herpes virus (BHV-1).The respiratory form of the disease is spread by air and the genital form by mating. As with cold sores in humans, once the animal has contracted the virus and recovered from the initial symptoms, the virus lies dormant and the animal carries it for life. During periods of stress where the animal’s immune system weakens such as around calving, the virus can shed again meaning they are capable of infecting other non-immune animals on the farm. Clinical signs conjunctivitis (reddening of the lining of the eye) and nasal discharge high temperature and milk drop rapid and shallow breathing coughing death only in 1% of cases (up to 10% in younger animals) abortion Treatment Treatment of the disease is difficult because antibiotics unfortunately do not treat the virus directly. Antibiotics do however, prevent against secondary infections caused by bacteria, which are more likely due to the animals reduced immune system. Non-steroidal anti-infammatory drugs such as Metacam are crucial to reduce inflammation and high temperatures to improve appetite and recovery. IBR herd status For dairy herds with unknown IBR status which have had no previous vaccination, we can test a bulk milk sample for IBR antibody levels. This simple test will allow you to get an indication of previous exposure to the disease and whether you are likely to have any animals that are capable of shedding the virus if immunocompromised. For beef herds, the IBR status of the herd can be assessed by blood sampling 10 animals for antibody levels. Prevention keep a closed herd (this includes bull management) check the health status of the herd you are buying from blood test all bought in stock for antibodies (occasionally a carrier can be tested negative) isolate bought in stock for a month Vaccination is available to prevent your herd against IBR and vaccination protocols can be tailored to your farm. There are two types of vaccine available, a live vaccine or killed vaccine. The vaccination course is as follows: - A single dose for the live vaccine, or; - Two doses for the killed vaccine - Followed by 6 monthly or 12 monthly boosters depending on the vaccine used. To find out more about the vaccination routine most suited to your herd, please speak to one of our farm vets.