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History and Literature of the Bible Practice Questions on “First-century Judaism(s)” Revised 11/29/02 Micheal W. Palmer Page 1 of 3 First-century Judaism(s) Using pages 368—382 of Harris’ book and your notes on “First Century Judaism(s),” answer the following questions. Some of these questions will appear on the final exam as they appear here. Others will appear in an altered form. You can take this quiz online and get feedback on your answers by going to http://greek-language.com/bible/questions/finalexam/12judaism.html. 1. The Temple in Jerusalem was a strong religious symbol for virtually all forms of Judaism at the time of Jesus. One Jewish group, however, refused to worship there because it saw the priesthood as corrupt. Which group was this? a. Pharisees c. Essenes b. Sadducees d. Zealots 2. All forms of Judaism at the time of Jesus were a. henotheistic c. polytheistic b. monotheistic 3. Every variety of Judaism at the time of Jesus accepted ________ as scripture. a. the Torah (the five books of Moses) b. the Torah and the Prophets c. both the written Torah and the oral Torah 4. Which of the following best expresses the attitude of most Jewish religious groups at the time of Jesus toward the biblical promise of a land for God’s people? a. Most Jewish groups thought that while God did promise land to the Jewish people, that promise was no longer valid because the people had violated the Sinai covenant. b. The promise was seen as unconditional and remained a source of hope for most forms of early Judaism. c. Many Jews thought the promise had never really been made and saw talk about such a promise as simple political maneuvering. 5. The Pharisees a. rejected the ‘oral Torah’ or ‘tradition of the elders,’ but accepted as binding the written Mosaic Torah b. considered the ‘oral Torah’ or ‘teachings of the elders’ to be binding in addition to the written Torah c. rejected all scripture, arguing that God speaks directly to humanity without the need of written documents History and Literature of the Bible Practice Questions on “First-century Judaism(s)” Revised 11/29/02 Micheal W. Palmer Page 2 of 3 6. The Sadducees a. rejected the ‘oral Torah’ or ‘tradition of the elders,’ but accepted as binding the written Mosaic Torah b. considered the ‘oral Torah’ or ‘teachings of the elders’ to be binding in addition to the written Torah c. rejected all scripture, arguing that God speaks directly to humanity without the need of written documents 7. The Mishnah is a. one of the books of the Pentateuch b. the codified form of the “tradition of the elders” c. the same thing as the Talmud 8. The Sadducees a. expected two messiahs, one a religious leader and the other a political/military leader b. probably did not think there would be a messiah, since there is no teaching about a messiah in the Torah c. spent a great deal of time teaching about the coming messiah 9. Our English term messiah is derived from the Hebrew word mashiah (anointed). In the Hebrew Bible, the term mashiah is most frequently applied to a. the kings of ancient Israel, particularly those descended from David b. foreign leaders chosen by God to deliver Israel c. prophets sent by God to call God’s people back to faithfulness Pick the Right Group 10. Which group believed in the existence of angels, demons, and other spiritual beings? a. Pharisees b. Sadducees 11. Which group believed in resurrection from the dead (life after death) and a final judgment? a. Pharisees b. Sadducees 12. The group that supported open military revolt against Rome was the __________. a. Pharisees d. Zealots b. Sadducees e. Samaritans c. Essenes 13. Most New Testament scholars think that the __________ produced the Dead Sea Scrolls. a. Pharisees d. Zealots b. Sadducees e. Samaritans c. Essenes History and Literature of the Bible Practice Questions on “First-century Judaism(s)” Revised 11/29/02 Micheal W. Palmer Page 3 of 3 14. Which group expected two Messiahs, one a religious leader and the other a political and military leader? a. Pharisees d. Zealots b. Sadducees e. Samaritans c. Essenes 15. Which group descended from the old northern nation of Israel and viewed Mount Gerizim rather than Mount Zion as God’s approved holy place? a. Pharisees d. Zealots b. Sadducees e. Samaritans c. Essense Terms and Concepts to Remember from Chapter 8 and the Lecture on “First-century Judaism(s)” Stoicism Mystery Religions Yahweh Torah Pharisees Tradition of the Elders Mishnah Sadducees Samaritans Essenes Dead Sea Scrolls Qumran Zealots Messiah (First-century Expectations)