Download S6E3 1. On most ocean shorelines, the water rises slowly and

S6E3
1. On most ocean shorelines, the water rises slowly and covers the land twice a day. Then it slowly falls
back. What is this movement called?
A) current
B) wave
C) tide
D) drift
2. Ocean water differs from freshwater in that it has
3. During the water cycle, when water vapor changes to liquid water, it is called
4. Which two physical changes are essential processes in the water cycle?
5. Tsunamis are often caused by earthquakes that occur underneath the ocean. Tsunamis have
been incorrectly referred to as tidal waves. They are not related to tides.
Part A
Describe the cause of a naturally occurring, sudden movement of the seafloor.
Part B
Describe when the movement of the ocean floor can result in tsunamis.
Part C
Explain how a tide is different from a tsunami.
Part D
Explain how an ocean wave is different from a tsunami.
6. Earth and the moon are in constant motion around the sun. There is a direct relationship
between the positions of the sun, Earth, and the moon and the ocean tides. Look at the tide table
below:
Part A
What force interacting among Earth, the sun and the moon causes tides?
Part B
Explain the main difference between tides before noon (a.m.) and tides after noon (p.m.). Include
the reason for this difference in your explanation.
Part C
Describe how the phase of the moon could affect the height of the tides.
Part D
All bodies of water on the surface of Earth have the same forces acting on them. Why are ocean
tides more common to study than the tides of ponds, lakes, or rivers?
7. Three major parts of the water cycle are evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
Part A
Describe one way in which precipitation after a storm returns to large bodies of water.
Part B
Explain how water evaporating from the oceans affects weather.
Part C
Explain how condensation of water in the atmosphere affects weather.
Part D
Explain the importance of frozen water on Earth’s surface and how it is part of the water cycle.
8. Maps of the world show five major oceans. Sometimes scientists refer to all five oceans as
"the world ocean".
Part A
Describe the main composition characteristic of the five major oceans that indicate their
similarity and might be considered as one "world ocean".
Part B
Describe the location of Earth's coldest bodies of ocean water.
Part C
Explain the effect ocean water has on Earth's land.
Part D
Explain how the evaporation of water from the oceans affects weather patterns.
9. During a lab activity, a student draws a diagram of a cross-section of an ocean and labels the
main parts of the ocean.
Part A
Identify the labeled area of the diagram that has the most marine life. What is this region of the
ocean called? Explain your answer.
Part B
Describe the factor that most influences the ocean water's composition.
Part C
Identify and describe the importance of Region D to the ocean.
Part D
Describe the major source of energy for the ocean and how it can be used to produce electricity.
S6E5
10. How do active volcanoes located on islands create more land area on these islands?
A) Lava from volcanoes cools and hardens, forming more land.
B) Lava from volcanoes melts through old rocks, exposing more land.
C) Heat from volcanoes causes the ocean to evaporate, exposing more land.
D) Heat from volcanoes causes minerals in seawater to condense, forming more land.
11. What is the primary cause of volcanoes and earthquakes?
A) crustal plate movement
B) Earth's gravitational force
C) higher than usual tides
D) solar magnetic storms
Answer Key:
1. C
2. Salinity
3.
5. Part A The movement of tectonic plates can cause a sudden shift in the sea floor.
Part B A tsunami can form when the movement of the tectonic plates on the ocean floor
displaces enough water to change the wave pattern of the ocean.
Part C Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction of Earth, the sun, and the moon. Tsunamis
are caused by the force of tectonic plates shifting oceanic crust.
Part D An ocean wave is produced by surface winds on the water and a tsunami is caused by the
sudden movement of the ocean floor.
6. Part A The gravitational force between Earth, the sun, and the moon causes the tides.
Part B The tide levels are different because the positions of the sun and the moon relative to
Earth's oceans are different during the morning high tide than during the afternoon high tide.
Part C The highest tides occur during full and new moon phases. As the sun and the moon line
up with Earth more directly, the gravitational pull is stronger.
Part D Even though gravity pulls on water in ponds and lakes, it is harder to measure the change
in the tide because the change is so small in small bodies of water.
7. Part A Precipitation can fall directly into a large body of water; it can flow as runoff from
hillsides into the large body of water; and it can collect as groundwater. Water will eventually
make its way to a larger body of water. (Student response needs one example.)
Part B Evaporation of water from the ocean’s surface will reduce the temperature in the area and
will increase the humidity in the air.
Part C Condensation can provide cloud cover over an area and may reduce the temperature or
cause rain/snow/sleet storms over land and water.
Part D Frozen water on Earth can be found in glaciers, which helps prevent flooding as long as
the glaciers remain frozen. Frozen water is also found in the water cycle as precipitation in the
form of hail, sleet, or snow.
8. Part A The salinity or salt content of ocean water is similar in all oceans. This supports the
idea of a world ocean.
Part B The Earth’s coldest ocean waters are found in the Arctic Ocean or near the North Pole and
in the Southern Ocean near the South Pole.
Part C The main function of ocean water is to absorb excess heat from the atmosphere to keep
Earth’s land cool.
Part D The evaporation of the ocean water provides energy to storms, such as hurricanes. The
higher the temperature, the more evaporation occurs and the more energy is available, which will
determine the severity of the storms
9. Part A The continental shelf (Region A) is the part of the ocean that has most of the marine
life because it is where the food supply is more abundant.
Part B The factor that most influences the ocean water’s composition is the dissolved minerals
that are brought to the ocean as the rivers drain into them.
C The mid-ocean ridge is important to the ocean because it is where new ocean floor is created
as the tectonic plates spread apart.
Part D The major source of energy for ocean waters is the sun which heats the water, creating
currents and winds. The water and the wind can be harnessed to turn turbines to create
electricity.
10. A
11. A