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Ancient Hebrews and the Origins of Judaism Chapter 11 The Struggle to Preserve Judaism Chapter 12 Name ________________________________ 6S / 6V Name _____________________________________ 11.1 Introduction 1. When did the Hebrew civilization develop? From _____________________ until _______________________ 2. They moved to the land of Canaan. What country is currently occupying that area? _____________________________ 3. The Hebrews founded what religion? ________________________ 4. The first five books of the Bible are called ___________________. 11.2 What we know about Ancient Hebrews 5. Other than the Torah, what other sources (2) do historians use to learn more about the Hebrews? __________________________________ and _______________________ 6. Who is the ancestor of the Hebrews? _________________________ 7. Where was he from? ________________________________________ 8. Why did he and his followers flee to Egypt? ___________________ 9. In Canaan, they were herders of sheep and goats, but in Egypt, they became _____________________. 10. Who led their escape from Egypt? ________________________ 11. How long did they wander? _______________________________ 12. Who forged the Hebrews into one united nation? _______________________________________ 11.3 Important Leaders 13. Who was “the father of the Hebrews?” _____________________ 14. What idea did Abraham introduce to the Hebrews? __________________________________________________________ 15. Who told Abraham to move from Mesopotamia to Canaan? ________________________________________ 16. What was the name of the laws Moses was given? __________________________________________________________ 17. King David created a united kingdom with his son, ______________________________. 18. ____________________ is the holy city of the Hebrews. 11.4 The Life of Abraham: Father of the Hebrews 19. What was Abraham’s original name? ____________________ 20. What is a covenant? ________________________________________ 21. What was God’s covenant with Abraham? __________________________________________________________________ 22. What are descendents? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What does the name Abraham mean? _______________________ 24. What is a sacrifice? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 25. What was Abraham’s most difficult sacrifice? _______________________________________________________________ 26. Who stopped Abraham from this sacrifice?____________________ 27. How many tribes made up the Hebrew nation? ___________ 28. How did the nation get the name Israel? ____________________________________________________________________ 29. Jews (Hebrews) believed they should set ____________________________________________________________________ 30. Their reward was the ________________ ______________. 11.5 The Life of Moses: Leader and Prophet 31. What is a prophet? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 32. Why did the pharaoh fear the Hebrews? ___________________________________________________________________ 33. What is a plague? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 34. How many plagues were there? _____________ 35. Using your Bible (Exodus) or internet, list the ten plagues: 1). ________________________ 2). ________________________ 3). ________________________ 4). ________________________ 5). ________________________ 6). ________________________ 7). ________________________ 8). ________________________ 9). ________________________ 10). ________________________ 36. What happened at the Red Sea? ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 37. What was this flight called? _____________________________ 38. Moses received the Ten Commandments while wandering the wilderness. What was the name of the mountain where he received them? __________________________________________ 39. The first commandments spell out the Hebrews’ ____________ to ________________. 40. The other commandments laid down basic _____________ laws. 41. Using a reference besides the text book, what is Passover? 11.6 The Lives of David and Solomon: Kings of Israel 42. How are these two leaders related? __________________________ 43. When David was a boy, around 1000 B.C.E., who were the Hebrews at war with? _____________________________________________________________ 44. The Philistines promised to be the Hebrew’s ______________ if someone could beat their fiercest warrior, _________________________________________. 45. Who defeated this warrior with nothing more than a slingshot? _____________________________________________________________ 46. As king, David _______________ the two parts of the Hebrews’ land, Israel and Judah. This one single kingdom was called ___________________. 47. What is the Ark of the Covenant? __________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. Who became king after David’s death? ___________________ 49. What did he build? ________________________________________ 50. Where the Hebrews happy about the temple? ____________ 51. What did they do? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 52. David and Solomon’s descendants ruled the southern kingdom of ________________________. CHAPTER 12: The Struggle to Preserve Judaism 12.1 Introduction 53. Because of the division of Israel, which part of the kingdom fell first? _______________________________ 54. Judah was invaded by King ________________________ of ________________________. 55. Jewish Diaspora: Diaspora means _______________________. 56. Never again would most of the followers of Judaism _____________________________________________________________ 12.2 The Central Beliefs and Teachings of Judaism 57. What is monotheism? _____________________________________ 58. What is a rabbi? __________________________________________ 59. What is Talmud? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.3 Foreign Domination and Jewish Diaspora 60. What two things threatened the survival of Jewish beliefs? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 61. From the beginning of this Diaspora, the followers of Judaism would be __________________ in many lands. 62. Those that did not return home found their land dominated by _________________ ___________________. 63. It would not be _______________ to keep Judaism _____________. 64. The Babylonians called their captives __________________, after their homeland of Judah. The name was later shortened to _____________. 65. The Persians, conquerors of Babylonians, had a king who was responsible for releasing the Jews. His name was _______________. 66. For 400 years, Judah was ruled by _______________________. 67. Driving the Greeks from Jerusalem and repurifying the temple is the Jewish holiday called _______________________. 68. After Greek rule, the Jews were conquered by the ___________________. 69. What does execute mean? ________________________________ 70. Unlike the Greeks, the Romans allowed the Jews to practice their ____________________ and govern their own _________________. 71. After the Romans destroyed Jerusalem, the only thing that remained of the temple was _____________________________. 72. It is still considered _______________ to this day. 12.4 Preserving and Passing On the Teachings of Judaism 73. What does gentile mean? ________________________________ 74. What is a synagogue? ____________________________________________________________________________________ KEY 11.1 Introduction 1. When did the Hebrew civilization develop? 1800 BCE TO 70 CE 2. They moved to the land of Canaan. What country is currently occupying that area? ISRAEL 3. The Hebrews founded what religion? JUDAISM 4. The first five books of the Bible are called TORAH 11.2 What we know about Ancient Hebrews 5. Other than the Torah, what other sources (2) do historians use to learn more about the Hebrews? ARCHAEOLOGICAL FACTS AND WRITTEN RECORDS 6. Who is the ancestor of the Hebrews? ABRAHAM 7. Where was he from? UR/MESOPOTAMIA 8. Why did he and his followers flee to Egypt? FAMINE 9. In Canaan, they were herders of sheep and goats, but in Egypt, they became SLAVES 10. Who led their escape from Egypt? MOSES 11. How long did they wander? 40 YEARS 12. Who forged the Hebrews into one united nation? DAVID 11.3 Important Leaders 13. Who was “the father of the Hebrews?” ABRAHAM 14. What idea did Abraham introduce to the Hebrews? MONOTHEISM 15. Who told Abraham to move from Mesopotamia to Canaan? GOD 16. What was the name of the laws Moses was given? 10 COMMANDMENTS 17. King David created a united kingdom with his son, SOLOMON 18. JERUSALEM is the holy city of the Hebrews. 11.4 The Life of Abraham: Father of the Hebrews 19. What was Abraham’s original name? ABRAM 20. What is a covenant? AN AGREEMENT OR PROMISE 21. What was God’s covenant with Abraham? THAT HE WOULD BE THE LEADER OF A GREAT NATION 22. What are descendants? DAUGHTER OR SON 23. What does the name Abraham mean? FATHER OF MANY 24. What is a sacrifice? A GIFT OF AN ANIMAL FOR SLAUGHTER AS A WAY TO HONOR GODS 25. What was Abraham’s most difficult sacrifice? HIS SON ISAAC 26. Who stopped Abraham from this sacrifice? ANGEL 27. How many tribes made up the Hebrew nation? 12 28. How did the nation get the name Israel? ANGEL FROM GOD 29. Jews (Hebrews) believed they should set AN EXAMPLE OF HOW TO LIVE 30. Their reward was the PROMISED LAND 11.5 The Life of Moses: Leader and Prophet 31. What is a prophet? A PERSON WHO SPEAKS OR INTERPRETS FOR GOD TO OTHER PEOPLE 32. Why did the pharaoh fear the Hebrews? FEARED THEIR GROWTH AND STRENGTH 33. What is a plague? A TERRIBLE DISASTER AFFECTING MANY; THOUGHT TO BE SENT BY GOD 34. How many plagues were there? 10 35. Using your Bible (Exodus) or internet, list the ten plagues: Blood, Frogs, Bugs, Wild Animals, Pestilence, Boils, Hail, Locust, Darkness, The Passover Sacrifice, Death of the First-Born 36. What happened at the Red Sea? PARTED TO LET THE HEBRES THROUGH; FLOODED EGYPTIAN SOLDIERS 37. What was this flight called? EXODUS 38. Moses received the Ten Commandments while wandering the wilderness. What was the name of the mountain where he received them? SINAI 39. The first commandments spell out the Hebrews’ DUTIES TO GOD 40. The other commandments laid down basic MORAL laws. 41. Using a reference besides the text book, what is Passover? A JEWISH RITUAL TO CELEBRATE THE FREEDOM OF ISRAELITES 11.6 The Lives of David and Solomon: Kings of Israel 42. How are these two leaders related? FATHER/SON 43. When David was a boy, around 1000 B.C.E., who were the Hebrews at war with? PHILISTINES 44. The Philistines promised to be the Hebrew’s SLAVES if someone could beat their fiercest warrior, GOLIATH. 45. Who defeated this warrior with nothing more than a slingshot? DAVID 46. As king, David UNITED the two parts of the Hebrews’ land, Israel and Judah. This one single kingdom was called ISRAEL. 47. What is the Ark of the Covenant? A WOOD AND GOLD CHEST THAT HELD THE TEN COMMANDMENTS 48. Who became king after David’s death? SOLOMON 49. What did he build? TEMPLE 50. Where the Hebrews happy about the temple? NO 51. What did they do? BROKE AWAY 52. David and Solomon’s descendants ruled the southern kingdom of JUDAH CHAPTER 12: The Struggle to Preserve Judaism 12.1 Introduction 53. Because of the division of Israel, which part of the kingdom fell first? ISRAEL 54. Judah was invaded by King NEBUCHADREZZAR OF BABYLON. 55. Jewish Diaspora: Diaspora means SCATTERING 56. Never again would most of the followers of Judaism BE TOGETHER IN A SINGLE HOMELAND 12.2 The Central Beliefs and Teachings of Judaism 57. What is monotheism? BELIEF IN ONE GOD 58. What is a rabbi? JEWISH TEACHER 59. What is Talmud? COLLECTION OF ANCIENT JEWSIH WRITINGS THAT INTERPRET THE LAW OF THE TORAH 12.3 Foreign Domination and Jewish Diaspora 60. What two things threatened the survival of Jewish beliefs? FALL OF JUDAH AND DESTRUCITON OF JERUSALEM 61. From the beginning of this Diaspora, the followers of Judaism would be SCATTERED in many lands. 62. Those that did not return home found their land dominated by FOREIGN RULERS 63. It would not be EASY to keep Judaism ALIVE 64. The Babylonians called their captives JUDAEANS after their homeland of Judah. The name was later shortened to JEWS 65. The Persians, conquerors of Babylonians, had a king who was responsible for releasing the Jews. His name was CYRUS. 66. For 400 years, Judah was ruled by FOREIGNERS. 67. Driving the Greeks from Jerusalem and repurifying the temple is the Jewish holiday called HANUKKAH. 68. After Greek rule, the Jews were conquered by the ROMANS 69. What does execute mean? TO KILL 70. Unlike the Greeks, the Romans allowed the Jews to practice their RELIGION and govern their own AFFAIRS. 71. After the Romans destroyed Jerusalem, the only thing that remained of the temple was WESTERN WALL. 72. It is still considered SACRED to this day. 12.4 Preserving and Passing On the Teachings of Judaism 73. What does gentile mean? NON-JEW 74. What is a synagogue? HOUSE OF JEWISH WORSHIP