Download Unit 1 Topics to Review

Unit 1 Topics to Review
The number of protons determines which element it is.
The structure of an atom.
Nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons.
Electrons are found in the electron cloud.
Electrons have a negative charge.
Neutral atoms have the same number of protons as electrons.
In the nucleus, there are protons and neutrons.
Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, electrons have a negative charge.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Mass
1amu
1amu
1/1837amu
Location
Nucleus
Nucleus
Electron Cloud
Charge
+
no charge
-
Elements on the periodic table are in order of atomic number.
Atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Mass number is the total of protons and neutrons added together.
In a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons is the same.
The design of the periodic table separates the metals from the nonmetals
Electron configurations
Energy levels hold a certain number of electrons.
There are 7 energy levels, they are shown as periods on the Periodic Table of Elements.
The history of the Periodic Table.
Know that there are Groups 1-18 on the Periodic Table, and be able to find them.
There is a staircase that separates metals and nonmetals
Number of protons determines the element.
Noble gases do not bond and form compounds.
Diatomic Elements, where they are on the periodic table and that they are always found in pairs.
Metals at room temperature.
Nonmetals at room temperature.
Isotopes are different, because of the number of neutrons.
Ground state means lowest energy state
Elements in the same period & Periods on the Periodic Table
Elements in the same group & Groups on the Periodic Table
Characteristic arrows on the Periodic Table
Mass
Energy Levels
Largest elements are found at a certain area of the periodic table.
Reactivity
Elements with similar chemical properties are in groups.
Chemical properties means how they behave when they interact with other elements.
How to find the number of electrons in an element’s outer energy level.
Metals and Nonmetals divided by the staircase.
Know these definitions and information about each of these terms
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Noble Gases
Halogens
Transition Metals
Inner-transition Metals
Metal
Nonmetal
Metalloid
Isotope
Octet rule
Atomic Mass
Electron Cloud
Electron Affinity
Valence Electrons
Ionic Charge
Write isotopes out and determine:
Element name, Atomic Number, Mass #, How many Protons are in the nucleus, How many Neutrons are
in the nucleus
For the isotope Oxygen – 16
This isotope has a mass number of 16. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Therefore, there are
16 particles in the nucleus (protons and neutrons added together). 8 of those 16 particles are
protons. Therefore, the other 8 particles in the nucleus are neutrons.
Read the assigned reading, study student notes, and slide packets. Be sure to study these sections
in text book: p.152 Key Concepts,p.118,p.117,p.138,p.120 key concepts.