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Big Idea
The human body is made up of
systems that have different
functions, an these systems
work together to maintain the
body.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
How do the body systems work together to maintain
homeostasis?
Key Terms: homeostasis (will be combined with
lesson 2)
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Body Organization
CELLS
TISSUES
ORGANS
Organ (Body)
Systems
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
P6-8
Inside Out
What do the body systems do?
• Body systems (organ systems) help
organisms coordinate and complete the
necessary functions for life.
• Groups of organs that work together form
body systems.
• Coordinate all the functions of the body
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
P6-8
What do the body systems do?
• The muscular system allows movement of body parts.
• The skeletal system supports the body, protects
important organs, and makes blood cells.
• The respiratory system gathers oxygen from the
environment and gets rid of carbon dioxide.
• The male reproductive system produces sperm and
delivers it to the female reproductive system.
• The female reproductive system produces eggs and
nourishes a developing fetus.
• he cardiovascular system moves blood through the
body.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
P6-8
What do the body systems do?
• The lymphatic system returns leaked fluids back to
the blood and is a part of the immune system.
• The endocrine system makes chemical messages that
regulate conditions in the body.
• The integumentary system is the protective covering
of the body that acts as a barrier.
• The excretory system gets rid of the body’s waste.
• The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients
that can be used by the body.
• The nervous system collects information and responds
to it by sending messages.
- Body Organization and
P6-8Homeostasis
Organs and Organ Systems
Each organ in your body is part of an organ system, which
is a group of organs that work together to perform a
major function.
Working Together Activity
Which organ system(s) is involved in these activities?
Activity
Organ Systems Involved in activity
Snoring
3
Sweating
2
Jumping at a
loud sound
5
Drinking Water 5
Running
5
Eating an
apple
4
Maintaining a
heartbeat
3
P6-8
Working Together Activity
Which organ system(s) is involved in these activities?
Activity
Organ Systems
Snoring (3)
Sweating (2)
Jumping at a loud sound (5)
Drinking Water (5)
Running (5)
Eating an apple (4)
Maintaining a heartbeat (3)
Organ
System
Major Organs in
the System
Digestive
Stomach,
intestines
Breaks down food
Respiratory
Lungs,
diaphragm
Provide oxygen to the cells and
remove carbon dioxide from body
Simile
The ____(organ system) is like a/an _____(object)
because it_______.
Main Function of the Organ System
The digestive system is like a
blender because it breaks down food.
The respiratory system is like an oxygen tank because it
contains gas.
Muscular
The ____________________________is like a
______________________because it
_______________________________________.
Skeletal
The ____________________________is like a
______________________because it
_______________________________________.
Excretory
The ____________________________is like a
______________________because it
_______________________________________.
Nervous
.
Circulatory
Endocrine
Simile
Organ
System
Organs in the
System
Digestive
Stomach,
intestines
Respiratory
Muscular
Provides support
Bladder,
kidney
Removes wastes
The excretory system is like a trash can
because it is used to remove wastes.
Brain, spinal
cord
Relays messages
between the brain
and body through
electrical impulses
Excretory
Endocrine
Breaks down food
The digestive system is like a
blender because it breaks down food.
The skeletal system is like a clothes
hanger because it provides support.
Skeletal
Circulatory
The ____(organ system) is like a/an _____(object) because
it_______.
Provide oxygen to the The respiratory system is like an oxygen
Lungs,
cells and remove
tank because it contains gas.
carbon dioxide from
diaphragm
body
The muscular system is like a rubber
band
because it can allow something to
Bicep,
Provides
movement
move.
abdominals
Femur, ribs,
skull
Nervous
Main Function of the Organ
System
Heart, aorta
Thyroid,
adrenals
The nervous system is like an electrical
cord because it relays messages through
electrical impulses.
The circulatory system is like a semi-truck
because
it transports materials to different
Transports materials
places.
to cells
Produces chemicals
needed by body
The endocrine system is like a chemical
factory because it produces chemicals for
specific purposes.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
A Closer Look P8
How are structure and function linked?
• Different organisms can have organs with similar structures,
functions, shapes, and sizes.
• The shapes and sizes of cells are related to their function.
7) The movement ability of muscle cells allows muscle tissue
to contract and relax, which moves the body.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
A Closer Look
How do body systems work together?
• Body systems
must work
together to keep
the body working
properly.
• Many organs are
part of several
body systems.
• Cells communicate
by electrical and
chemical
messages.
P9
P9
8) Underline the following –
examples of systems working together:
 The endocrine system releases hormones to prepare
the body for action.
 The eyes, part of the nervous system, see the ball
coming. They send electrical messages to the brain.
 The brain sends electrical messages to the muscles.
 The bones and muscles grip the bat tightly.
 The muscles and bones help the legs move quickly.
 The heart pumps quickly to move blood from the lungs
to the body.
 Muscles use oxygen from the blood to keep moving.
9) The nervous system and the integumentary
system are interacting.
The integumentary system is producing the sweat,
which causes water to be lost from the body.
The brain, which is part of the nervous system,
detects that the body needs more water and is
making the person thirsty.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
P10
Keeping the Balance
What is homeostasis?
Basic Needs of ALL cells:
• Food, oxygen and have their wastes takes away.
• If body conditions were to change cells would not be
able to do their jobs.
• Homeostasis is the body maintaining a constant
internal environment when outside conditions change.
• Body systems can respond (quickly and in the right
way) to changes in the external environment.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
P10
Keeping the Balance
What is homeostasis?
10) The body
temperature
increases, the
person feels
hot, and he or
she sweats
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Body Systems
P11
What can go wrong with homeostasis?
• A problem in one body system may cause problems
in other body systems.
• Body cells cannot work properly may cause disease
or death.
• Lack of food and the presence of toxins (prevent cells
from carrying out life processes) or pathogens (break
down cells)may disrupt the proper functioning of
body systems.
• Problems with the structure or function of cells,
tissues, or organs can cause problems in the body.
• If cells cannot get energy or necessities, they cannot
work properly. – disrupt homeostasis
• When the body cannot maintain homeostasis, it is
easier for pathogens to invade the body.
Body System Affected
What are the effects?
Nervous System
Disrupts proper functioning of the brain. The brain
cannot respond properly to internal or external
messages
Digestive System
Liver and other organs can be harmed by
alcohol, which will affect the ability of the system
to digest food and remove toxins from the body.
Reproductive
System
P11
Could harm the ability to produce healthy sex
cells, or in the case of a woman, develop and
nourish a healthy baby.
P12
13) Respiratory
14) Nervous, Blood
15) Nervous; Muscular (either order)
16) Brain or nervous system
17) The amount of oxygen getting into
the body will be reduced, so every cell
and every system would be starved of
oxygen. The body’s tissues and organs
would not be able to work properly
pg 13 & WS due Monday