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What are the sacred texts of the Jewish people? Class: Grade 11 M University Unit: World Religions – Judaism ICE Expectations SCV.01: examine the literary characteristics, origin and development of the sacred writings and oral traditions of the various religious traditions SCV.03: demonstrate an understanding of how sacred texts are interpreted and applied within various religions Learning Goals Identify the sacred texts of Judaism. Name features of Tanakh Explain common features of Judaism and Christianity found in the Tanakh Success Criteria I have accurately summarized characteristics of Tanakh in a paragraph. I have created a concept map that names features of Tanakh I have compared common features of Tanakh to Christianity and Judaism on a concept map Core Ideas Judaism is a monotheistic religion, with the Torah as its foundational text (part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible), and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud. Students will learn about these sacred Jewish texts, with emphasis on the Tanakh and Torah. By the end students will be able to articulate the relevance of the Hebrew Scriptures in the life decisions of observant Jewish people. To that end, student learning will include an understanding of the Church’s teachings on world religious traditions and those principles which inform ecumenical and interreligious dialogue, together with an historical overview of the Church’s relationship with various religions, particularly Judaism and Islam. For all students, the lesson will aim to create interreligious dialogue, breaking down prejudice about other religions, leading further to a deeper understanding and more authentic adherence to the teachings of the Church. I will discuss with students the importance of sacred writings in the formation of religious identity and moral life in Judaism. This is a key idea to acceptance of other religions and a key-learning goal; I will downright share with them the importance of religious tolerance. Time 10 min Activity Resource Minds On Ask students what they know about Jewish texts. What are they? What do they say? What to Jews believe? Informally test students, see what they know. As a teacher I will cover what information is missing. Think Pair Share. What are the Jewish texts? Learning Goals and Success Criteria are introduced. 15 min Action Quickly lecture about Jewish sacred texts, for example the names of each sacred text and their importance in relation to Judaism. This will be jotted down on the board. Point out similarities and differences between Judaism and the Roman Catholic Bible, which contains the Torah or the first 5 books of the Christian Bible. Students are expected to take notes. The Torah has Jewish root, as does Christianity. This idea of similarity will be developed with historical and contextual context(s) in previous lessons. However, this lesson will quickly recap this information to get students cognitively prepared, having them recall ideas and strategies they have learned and used before, a continuation or scaffolding. 20 min Take up any questions the students may have in regards to the brief descriptions of the Jewish sacred texts. Students will be split up into 3 groups for a jigsaw activity, where each piece, or each student's researched part, is essential to completion the final concept and in grasping a full understanding of the various Jewish religious texts. Students are to read and summarize the key information in their Nelson World Religions Textbook in regards to central texts. Two groups to discuss and examine each of the main Jewish texts: Tanakh, Mishnah, and Talmud Thus each home group will have two experts at the end. Teacher to circulate between groups, check in and provide feedback in groups. (AfL) Appendix #1 Lecture Notes World Religions Textbook pages 125 to 130 Students are to return and present her or his segment to the home group. Encouraging others to ask clarification questions. Textbook sections are skimpy, thus students will have to do further reading and research. Students are allowed and even encouraged (after class work is complete) to study further on the text by any means, Internet, Nelson World Religions Textbook, etc. In addition, each group will receive a handout with pertinent information and salient points. 25 min Consolidation Part of the assessment will be based on the expert students returning to their groups and sharing information with home groups. In addition, based on all of the information students have collected, home groups, readings, handouts, students must now create a Tanakh concept map, which will later be photocopied and used for review. Groups must appoint a scribe. Concept Map: The summary of the three sections, must also include details on how it is treated by observant Jews and what similarities they can apply to their own religion(s) or Christianity and Islam. Secondly, what does the Tanakh say that is common in Christianity or Islam? Students will discuss, summarize, and lastly write all of this information on concept map, helping students demonstrate what they have learned. This assignment is meant to act as review, as well as a consolidation project that allows for personal reflection and through comparative association. (AoL) Also providing different mediums for students to successfully review, visually as a concept map, orally in sharing within group, written as facts or point form on the page. Through the concept map, student will be able to demonstrate what they have learned in visual form, as well as orally sharing their knowledge. Revisit Learning Goals and Success Criteria Handout Appendix #2 Additional information to supplement textbook readings. Appendix 1 LECTURE NOTES: What is the Tanakh? Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) The traditional Jewish name for the Hebrew Bible. It is equivalent to saying the Jewish Bible or Jewish Scripture. The name is an acronym. Jews traditionally divide the Hebrew Bible Into three sections Torah (The Five Books of Moses, the Pentateuch), Nevi’im (The Books of the Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings, books such as Psalms, Ecclesiastes, and Proverbs). The first Hebrew letter of each of these three sections sounds out Tanakh. The Tanakh is made up of three parts: 1. The Torah, also known as the Five Books of Moses. These 5 books are Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy and they are considered the absolute foundation of Judaism. The major part of these books was given to Moses on Mt Sinai together with the Ten Commandments and the Oral Law. They were all written in Hebrew. The Hebrew root of the word 'Torah' means 'to teach'. 2. Nevi'im, or 'Prophets', contains the books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and the Twelve Later Prophets. These books are partly historical, mainly prophetic and teach ethics and morals to a people straying from God's ways. 3. Ketuvim, or Writings, contain David's Psalms, Solomon's Proverbs, the Five Megillot (Scrolls), the books of Ezra and Nehemia, and Chronicles. Many of these books are historical. Most teach God's way and the correct, ethical way to live. Appendix 2 HANDOUT: Sacred Scripture of the Jewish People The books of the Prophets contain historical writings covering the period between the settlement of the Jewish people in the Land of Israel and their exile to Babylon, as well as the moral and religious exhortations of the Prophets. The Writings, also known as the Hagiographa, are a mixture of liturgical and secular poetry, wisdom literature and historical writings. After the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE and the subsequent exile, sacrifices became impossible and Jewish religious life turned to Torah study and prayer in the synagogue. Study of Torah and other Jewish texts has been central to religious life ever since. The Torah, the Talmud, and other Jewish writings are precious sources of Jewish history and divine commandments (the mitzvoth), both of which continue to play a dominant part in Judaism. To remember the great things God has done for the Jewish people in history, and what he asks of them in return, selections from the Torah and the Prophets are read in the synagogue several times a week. The Tenakh is the ancient collection of writings that are sacred to the Jews. They were written over almost a thousand years from 1000 to 100 BCE. The word Tenakh comes from the three first letters of the three books included in this text: the Torah, plus the Nev'im (prophets) and the Ki'tuvim (writings, which include histories, prophecies, poems, hymns and sayings). The Torah is written on scrolls and kept in a special cabinet called the Holy Ark, in synagogues. The Torah is read with a pointer called a yad (hand) to keep it from being spoiled. Each week, one section is read until the entire Torah is completed and the reading begins again. The Talmud is also an important collection of Jewish writings. The Talmud was written between the second and fifth century CE, but Orthodox Jews believe it was revealed to Moses along with the Torah and preserved orally until it was written down. It is a recording of the rabbi’s discussion of the way to follow the Torah at that time. The Talmud has two components that are commentaries the Gemara and the Mishnah. As a collection of rabbinical writings their intent is to interpret, explain, and apply the Torah scriptures.