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Renaissance
What was the Renaissance?
Renaissance means rebirth and Europe was recovering
from the dark Middle Ages and the Plague.
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Human beings and their conditions
Education, art, literature, and science
Approximately 1300 - 1600
The Renaissance started in Italy where wealth from trade
supported art learning.
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Here also modern capitalism was born. Private
individuals or companies, not the government, owned
businesses. The main goal is profit.
Where did the Renaissance begin? Why?
What is Humanism?
a system of thought and action concerned with human
interests and values, was the main movement of the
Renaissance.
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Human beings have dignity and intelligence.
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They (we) can change the world and make it
a better place for all.
The ideal so-called Renaissance man was successful in
business, well-mannered, educated, athletic, and brave.
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The goal of education became making people
well-rounded.
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Religion remained important, but the authority
and some practices of the church began to be
questioned.
VIP’s of the Renaissance
Johannes
Gutenberg
History of Us
The “Gutenberg” Bible
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The Gutenberg Bible, named for the craftsman and
inventor of printing by use of moveable type, Johannes
Gutenberg, was completed in 1455 at Mainz, Germany.
The three-volume Latin text arguably represents the greatest
single innovation in the history of communication
technology, as well as a style of printing that existed almost
unaltered until the twentieth century.
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Gutenberg’s invention and the spreading of relatively cheap
printed materials created enormous change—social,
political, economic, and religious.
Writing Prompt
 Respond
to the following prompt in at least
5-7 complete sentences.
 Prompt:
How is the Internet similar to
the printing press? How are they
different? Which one do you think is
more important?
VIP’s
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527), in The Prince
(1513) said, basically, one must do whatever
one must do to get and stay in power. If it works,
it is the "right" thing to do. Forget ideals; lie,
cheat, even murder if you must. A stable state is
needed.
Better for a ruler to be feared than to be loved
Ruler should be quick and decisive in decision making
 Ruler keeps power by any means necessary
 The end justifies the means
 Be good when possible, and evil when necessary
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Excerpt from The Prince
“You must know there are two methods of fighting, the one by
law, the other by force; the first method is of men, the second
of beasts; but because the first is frequently not enough, one
must have resort to the second. Therefore it is necessary for a
prince to understand how to use the methods of the beast and
the man . . .
 A prince . . . ought to choose the fox and the lion; because the
lion cannot defend himself against traps and the fox cannot
defend himself against wolves. Therefore, it is necessary to be
a fox to discover the traps and a lion to terrify the wolves.
Those who rely simply on the lion do not understand this.”
 -- Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince (1513)
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Discussion Questions
1. A prince “should not stray from what is good
if he can avoid it, but he should be ready and
able to do evil when it is necessary.” Do you
agree with this? Why or why not?
2. Why does Machiavelli believe that it is
justifiable for a prince to break his word? Do
you agree with him? Why or why not?
Tupac (Makaveli)
vs. Machiavelli?
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When Tupac went to
prison he studied
Machiavelli’s work and
also read The Prince.
 He then changed his
name to “Makaveli”.
 Tupac and Machiavelli
had a lot of enemies so
2Pac could relate to him
in numerous ways.
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Machiavelli was an
Italian war strategist and
philosopher who wrote
about faking his death to
fool his enemies.
 When Tupac changed his
name to “Makaveli” and
then passed away, many
believe that he faked or
staged his own death
VIP’S: The Medici Family
 The
Medici are most famous for their
patronage of the arts
 A major amount of the art and architecture
that was produced at the beginning of the
Renaissance was due to the Medici.
 They also supported science. They
supported the famous scientist Galileo
Galilei in his scientific efforts
 The
Medici owed much of their wealth and
power to the Medici Bank. It made them
one of the richest families in all of Europe.
 The Medici Family produced four popes in
total.
 The Medici Family is sometimes called the
Godfathers of the Renaissance
VIP’S
Galileo Galilei
Occupation: Scientist, mathematician, and
Astronomer
Best known for: Improving the telescope
to be used to study the planets and stars
brainpop
Copernicus
Occupation: Copernicus was an
astronomer who lived in the early 1500s
Best known for: He came up with the idea
that the Sun was the center of the
universe. This was very different from the
current belief that the Earth was the center
The Renaissance produced new ideas that were reflected in the
arts, philosophy, and literature.
Patrons, wealthy people, sponsored works which glorified Italy.
Education became increasingly secular.
Medieval art and literature focused on
the Church and salvation
Renaissance art and literature focused
on individuals and worldly matters,
along with Christianity.
VIP’s
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) painted (Mona Lisa),
studied geology, chemistry and anatomy, designed
buildings, canals and weapons, and sketched engines
and flying machines.
VIP’s
Michelangelo (1475-1564) painted (the Sistine Chapel
ceiling), sculptured (David), designed buildings, and
wrote poetry.
VIP’s William Shakespeare wrote plays showing humans
as in God's image, but part of this world as well.
Shakespeare’s Works
Romeo and Juliet
“To be or not to be….”
Hamlet