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Propositum: DWBAT conjugate the verb sum, esse in the present tense; annotate and translate sentences containing predicate nominatives 10/1/14 Statim: 1. Take out a pen/pencil for your COTIDIANA quiz 2. Take a new packet from the front of the room and put your name and recitation at the top PENSUM # 14 • Complete Packet 4 through pg. 4 The Verb sum, esse to be We have encountered the verbs est and sunt before in the PRESENT Tense he/she/it is • est means _______________ they are • sunt means _______________ • BUT, for all other verbs we’ve seen, we’ve been able to conjugate them completely, that is in ALL persons (1st, 2nd, 3rd) and numbers (singular and plural). For this verb, we’ve only seen the 3rd singular plural _______ person _________ and ____________ forms in the present tenses. sum, esse I am, to be • Even though we call this verb IRREGULAR because its STEM changes… • What are the two different Present Stems of this verb? su es – _____________ and _____________ PREDICATE NOMINATIVE • Usually, the action of a verb is completed by a direct object. – Ex. Iuppiter rēgnum regit Jupiter rules the kingdom • Because the verb sum, esse is not an action verb, but rather a condition verb, it is not completed by a direct object. Instead it is completed by a PREDICATE NOMINATIVE. – Ex. Iuppiter est deus Jupiter is a god. • A PREDICATE NOMINATIVE is a noun or adjective that further describes the nominative subject of a form of the verb sum, esse. It is always in the nominative case. It is annotated with a circle. EXERCITĀTIO Directions: Circle all of the predicate nominatives below • • • • • Sāturnus est deus. Sāturnus est magnus. Sāturnus est vir Rheae. Rhea est fēmina Sāturnī. Sāturnus et Rhea sunt deī. Saturn is a god. Saturn is great. Saturn is the husband of Rhea. Rhea is the wife of Saturn. Saturn and Rhea are gods. • Sāturnus et Rhea sunt vir et fēmina. Saturn and Rhea are man and wife. • • • • fīliae sunt amicae. orāculum est malum. sumus deī. es deus. est monstrum in regnō. sunt filiī in tectō. The daughters are friends. The prophecy is bad. We are gods. You are a god. There is a monster in the kingdom. There are children in the house. EXERCITĀTIO • Complete the exercises on pg. 2 and 4 with your group members • Raise your hand for a CHECK when you are done with pg. 2 Propositum: DWBAT identify and decline nouns in the ablative case 10/2/14 Statim: 1. Take out Packet 4 from yesterday 2. Take out a red pen for HW corrections 3. Turn to pg. 4 4. Translate the following forms: 1. 2. 3. 4. sumus we are estis you all are you are es I am sum PENSUM # 15 • Complete EXERCITĀTIO on pgs. 12-13 EXERCITĀTIO Translate the following sentences into English – Iuppiter est rex deōrum • Jupiter is the king of the gods – ‘es malus vir’, Iuno Iovī dīcit. • ‘You are a bad husband,’ Juno says to Jupiter. – ‘sumus rex et rēgina Orcī’, Prōserpinae Pluto dīcit. ‘We • are the king and queen of the Underworld,’ Pluto says to Proserpina. – ‘estis deī! cūr nōn datis auxilium mihi?’ deīs Prōserpina dīcit. • ‘You all are gods! Why don’t you give help to me?’ Proserpina says to the gods. Intro to the ABLATIVE CASE So far we’ve learned two NOUN cases: • NOMINATIVE: used for subjects and predicate nominatives 1st declension feminine, puella, -ae f. = girl a ae Intro to the ABLATIVE CASE • We’ve also encountered ANOTHER case that we have yet to label, in PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES like the following: • cum puellā pulchrā = with a beautiful girl ___________________________________ • ex agrō = out of the field ___________________________________ • in rēgnō = in the kingdom ___________________________________ Intro to the ABLATIVE CASE • What ENDINGS do you see on each of these nouns? -ā • 1st declension fem. sing. = ___________ -ō • 2nd declension masc. sing.= ____________ -ō • 2nd declension neuter sing.= ____________ Intro to the ABLATIVE CASE • • • • • In the plural these phrases become… with a beautiful girls cum puellīs pulchrīs = _____________________ of the fields ex agrīs = out ______________________________ the kingdoms in rēgnīs = in______________________________ The plural ending for ALL GENDERS (fem., masc., -īs neut.) for the ABLATIVE is = ____________ EXERCITĀTIO Directions: Decline the following nouns in all three cases we’ve learned so far 1st • puella, puellae f. girl DECLENSION #_____ puella puellae puellam puellās puellā puellīs SEASONS OF LOVE (pg.14) 1. sine filiā, Cerēs lacrimat et nōn frumenta crescere sinit. 2. Helios, deus solis, deam narrat ubi Prōserpina est. Cerēs irāta est 3. sine filiā, virī et fēminae irātī sine frumentīs sunt. Iuppiter, rēx 4. deōrum, Plutōnem reddere puellam iubet. Groupwork: Annotate and translate the rest of lines 14 with a partner at your table. Raise your hand for a CHECK when you are done through line 4. Propositum: DWBAT identify and translate prepositional phrases 10/3/14 Statim: 1. Take out Packet 4 from yesterday and turn to pg. 7 2. Take out your Vocabulary List and turn to the pg. for Prepositions 3. Change the following nouns to the ABLATIVE case: 1. 2. 3. 4. fēmina fēminā virī virīs rēgna rēgnīs oraculum orāculō PENSUM # 16 • COTIDIANA #6 on the verb sum, esse and predicate nominative – Conjugate sum, esse – Annotate and translate a sentence with a predicate nominative noun PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES Prepositions • PREPOSITIONS are words (or phrases) that show movement ______________, _______________ or a location _______________ to another word in the sentence. relationship • The noun (or pronoun) that follows the PREPOSITION is called the OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION. preposition • Together the _____________________ and the object of the preposition _____________________ (and any other modifiers, like adjectives) form a prepositional phrase ______________________________. Prepositions Come up with as many derivatives for these prepositions as you can think of The OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION (O.P.) Consider the following English examples: • I love my sister. She is great, but I don’t have much in common (with her ). • Cicero was a great Roman orator. He wrote many speeches and letters, and we know a lot (about him ). In Latin, the O.P. will either be in the ACCUSATIAVE or ABLATIVE case. • vir (in villā) habitat. The man lives in the house. [villā = ABLATIVE] • fēmina (ad aquam) currit. The woman runs to the water. [aquam = ACCUSATIVE] Prepositional Phrase • Prepositional phrases give more information about some part of the clause. • The gods live _____ Olympus. – What word or words could fill the blank? on, in – What is the PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE? on Olympus – What does it modify? live the verb • • The gods have dominion ______mankind. • – What word or words could fill the blank? over over mankind – What is the PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE? – What does it modify? dominion direct object EXERCITĀTIO (pg. 8) • Directions: Put parentheses around all prepositional phrases in the following sentences. Identify which part of the clause is being modified. 1. Jupiter takes Juno (for his wife). – WORD modified = Juno 2. Jupiter and Juno talk about their son, Mars, the god of war. – WORD modified = ___talk__________ Groupwork • Complete the EXERCITATIO on pg. 8 and 9 with a partner – Change noun modified to WORD modified in EXERCITATIO on pg. 8 • When you are finished, raise your hand for a check • If you finish early, you may move on to line 5 of the translation on pg. 14 Propositum: DWBAT identify and translate prepositional phrases in context 10/6/14 Statim: 1. Take out a pen/pencil for your COTIDIANA quiz 1. You may also use your Vocabulary List for this quiz 2. Take out Packet 4 and turn to pg. 14 and turn your packet face-down COTIDIANA #6 • You have 8 minutes to complete your quiz • ANNOTATE for subjects (circle), predicate nominatives (circle) and verbs (underline). • You may use your VOCABULARY LIST PENSUM # 17 • Begin to study your VOCABULARY LIST for your upcoming TRANSLATIŌ assessment on Tuesday 10/14 • Annotate and translate through line 12 of pg. 14 Meministis…? • What is Proserpina and Ceres’ relationship like? • What is Pluto like? What does he want? • How does Proserpina view Pluto? • What does Pluto give to Proserpina? Why do you think he does this? Plutō Proserpinam capit et puellam in Orcum dūcit. DEFINE the following prepositions: • sine – without • sub – under(neath), below • cum – with • ā/ab – (away) from • ē/ex – out of – BONUS! Why do the prepositions ā/ab and ē/ex have 2 forms? When is each one used? SEASONS OF LOVE (PG. 14) • Partner Translation – With a partner, work through the annotation and translation of this passage through LINE 12 – 1 partner will LEAD in ANNOTATION • He/she will say the annotations out-loud while their partner writes them down – 1 partner will LEAD in TRANSLATION • He/she will say the translation, after their partner has annotated, out-loud while their partner writes it down Propositum: DWBAT identify and translate prepositional phrases in context; identify and translate independent ablative nouns 10/7/14 Statim: 1. Take out Packet 4 and turn to pg. 14 2. Take out a piece of looseleaf to take notes 3. Copy down and change the NUMBER of the following prepositional phrases: – sine fīliā – sine frumentīs – in rēgnō – sub terrā – cum virō Change the NUMBER of the following prepositional phrases: • • • • • sine fīliā sine fīliīs sine frumentīs sine frumentō in rēgnō in rēgnīs sub terrā sub terrīs cum virō cum virīs PENSUM # 18 • Check your e-mail for your Progress Report • Complete pg. 11 of Packet 4 R1 E-mail Addresses • Luis • Eseme • Shahrear R2 E-mail Addresses • • • • • • • Andrew Gavin Precious Tanya Carlos Joyce Ericson R4 E-mail Addresses • • • • Afsana Thuthu Desiree Christopher R5 E-mail Addresses • • • • • • • Kevin Shageda Esela Adana Ahmed Maggie Tiffany SEASONS OF LOVE (pg. 14) 5. in rēgnō sub terrā, Pluto imperium Iovis audit. sed Inprius (his) kingdom beneath the earth, Pluto hears the order of Jupiter. 6. granatum Prōsepinae dat. Prōserpina VI grana But first he gives a pomegranate to Proserpina. consumit. quod Proserpina eats 6 seeds. 7. deī puellās vivās in Orcō cibum nōn consumere sinunt, Because the gods do not allow living girls to eat food in the underworld, Hermes 8. Prōserpinam punit. Hermes punishes Proserpina. SEASONS OF LOVE (pg. 14) 9. Prōserpina in terrā cum Cerere VI mensibus vivit, sub terrā Proserpina lives for 6 months on the earth with Ceres, (and) she lives 10. cum virō VI mensibus vivit. ubi filia cum Cerere est, for 6frumenta months with (her) husband beneath the earth. When (her) daughter is with Ceres, grains grow. 11. crescunt. ubiisPrōserpina deō in Orcō est, frumenta When Proserpina with the godcum in the Underworld, grains do notnōn grow. 12. crescunt. Proserpina granatum in Orcō consumit. EXPLICĀTIO • What natural phenomena is this myth meant to explain? • This type of myth is called an aetiological myth, or one which explains the cause or reason for something INDEPENDENT ABLATIVES • Up until now, we’ve only seen the ABLATIVE case used in prepositional phrases: Ex. in rēgnō = in the kingdom sub terrā = underneath the earth cum amīcīs = with friends Ablative of Means However, the ABLATIVE CASE can ALSO be used without a preposition. For example, look at the following sentence: • Pluto puellam curriculō capit. – Pluto captures the girl ______ (his) chariot. What word should be used to translate the ABLATIVE noun curriculō ? ______________ in, with Notes: • A noun in the ABLATIVE CASE can also be used without a preposition • When an ablative is by itself, or does NOTE have a preposition in front of it, we call it an INDEPENDENT ABLATIVE Ablative of Means MEANS • If the ablative noun express the _______________ or INSTRUMENT _______________ by which the action of a verb is done, it is called the ABLATIVE OF MEANS. NON-LIVING • This kind of ablative noun is always a ____________________ thing, NEVER a person or ____________ thing. LIVING The ABLATIVE OF MEANS can be translated with the English prepositions: by _____________ with _____________ in _____________ BWIOF on _____________ from __________ Exerceāmus! ANNOTATE & translate the sentences. • Identify the ablative of means word in each sentence • Choose the best English preposition (BWIOF) to translate it based on CONTEXT • Translate the sentence in full Exerceāmus! 1. Plūto rōtīs ex terrā venit. [rotae, -ārum, f.pl. chariot (lit. wheels)] rōtīs a) Ablative of Means noun= ____________ b) English preposition used to translate Ablative of Means on/in noun = _________ c) Sentence Translation: Pluto comes out of the earth on a chariot/wheels. _____________________________________________ Exerceāmus! 2. formā deus puellam terret. formā a) Ablative of Means noun= ____________ b) English preposition used to translate Ablative of Means with noun = _________ c) Sentence Translation: The god frightens the girl with (his) appearance. _____________________________________________ Exerceāmus! 3. dea virum saxō fallit. [fallō, -ere, fefellī deceive] saxō a) Ablative of Means noun= ____________ b) English preposition used to translate Ablative of Means noun = by/with _________ c) Sentence Translation: The _____________________________________________ goddess deceives (her) husband with/by (means of) a stone. Exerceāmus! 4. auxiliō deōrum* Prōserpina ex Orcō fugere cupit. *deōrum = of the gods [auxilium, auxiliī n. help; ex out of, from] a) Ablative of Means noun= ____________ auxiliō b) English preposition used to translate Ablative of Means with noun = _________ c) Sentence Translation: _____________________________________________ Proserpina wants to flee out of/from the Underworld with the help of the gods. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: fīlia, fīliae f. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: matrimonium, matrimoniī n. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: sub (+ABL.) VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitus VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus Propositum: DWBAT annotate and translate a previously unseen passage of Latin in preparation for the upcoming TRANSLATIŌ 10/8/14 Statim: 1. Take a handout from the front of the room and put your name and recitation on it 2. Take out your looseleaf from yesterday 3. Copy down and TRANSLATE – sine fīliā – cum frumentīs – ē rēgnō – ā terrā – ad aquam Change the NUMBER of the following prepositional phrases: – sine fīliā without the daughter – cum frumentīs with the crops/grains – ē rēgnō out of the kingdom – ā terrā from the earth – ad aquam to/towards the water PENSUM # 19 To prepare for your upcoming Translatiō… • STUDY your Vocabulary List • STUDY your noun endings (pgs. 5 & 6 of Packet 4) Term 1 TRANSLATIŌ • TUESDAY, Oct. 14th • Translate a passage of Latin you’ve never seen before (approx. 8-10 lines) • Vocabulary box will be provided BUT the words from your Vocabulary List will NOT be included • Create a translation that a) makes sense in English and b) follows the grammar and vocabulary of the Latin as closely as possible PRACTICE TRANSLATIŌ • Individual Annotation – Spend the next 5 minutes annotating the passage through line 5 – Use pgs. 5-6 of Packet 4 as reference for your noun endings • Individual Translation – Spend 10 minutes translating – Only translate what you’ve already annotated • Partner Translation – After 10 minutes are up, pair up with a partner and share out what you came up with and then move forward in the text ONLY when you agree on annotation and translation for lines 1-5 – Raise your hand for a CHECK and then you may move on VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: rēgina, rēginae f. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: orāculum, orāculī n. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: ager, agrī m. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: vir, virī m. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: do, dare, dedī, datus Propositum: DWBAT annotate and translate a previously unseen passage of Latin in preparation for the upcoming TRANSLATIŌ 10/9/14 Statim: 1. Take out your Practice Translatio and a red pen 2. Answer the following questions based on the first 5 lines of your Practice Translatio: 1. 2. 3. 4. What kind of husband is Jupiter? Who is Io? What does Jupiter say to Io? What is the purpose of Jupiter’s speech to Io? PENSUM # 20 To prepare for your upcoming Translatiō… • STUDY your Vocabulary List • STUDY your noun endings (pgs. 5 & 6 of Packet 4) English Word Order • Subject + verb + direct object/predicate nominative + (ablative) + (prep. phrase) – quoque multās mortālēs puellās amat. • He loves many mortal girls also – NOT many mortal girls love also PRACTICE TRANSLATIO 1. Iuppiter et Iuno sunt vir et fēmina. sed Iuppiter suam Jupiter and Juno are man/husband and wife. 2. fēminam nōn solum amat; quoque multās mortālēs puellās amat. But Jupiter doesn’t only love his wife; he also loves many mortal girls. 3. ūna puella, nōmine Io, in silvam ambulat. ubi Iuppiter eam One girl, by/with the name Io, is walking/walks into the forest. 4. videt, dīcit, “pulchra puella, silvae sunt periculosae. sum rex When Jupiter sees her, he says, “beautiful girl, the woods are dangerous. 5. deōrum. in silvīs securitatem* auxiliō meō invenīs!” I am the king of the gods. PRACTICE TRANSLATIO 5. in silvīs securitatem* auxiliō meō invenīs!” You (will) find safety in the woods with my help!” PRACTICE TRANSLATIŌ • Individual Annotation – Spend the next 5 minutes annotating the passage through line 10 – Use pgs. 5-6 of Packet 4 as reference for your noun endings • Individual Translation – Spend 10 minutes translating – Only translate what you’ve already annotated • Partner Translation – After 10 minutes are up, pair up with a partner and share out what you came up with and then move forward in the text ONLY when you agree on annotation and translation for lines 6-10 VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: terra, terrae f. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: rēgnum, rēgnī n. VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dīctus VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: petō, petere, petivī, petitus VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: cupiō, cupere, cupivī, cupitus VOCABULARY POP QUIZ! • Define the following words: faciō, facere,fēcī, factus PRACTICE TRANLSATIO 6. postquam Iuppiter dīcit, Io ā deō currit. ita Iuppiter terram 7. nebulā operit et puellam capit. 8. interim Iuno nōn virum invenīre potest. ubi nebulam videt, 9. dīcit, “aut falsa sum aut noceor*!” 10. ubi Iuppiter verba fēminae audit, puellam in vaccam mutat. Propositum: DWBAT answer and explain grammatical and vocabulary questions in preparation for the upcoming TRANSLATIO 10/10/14 Statim: 1. Take out your Vocabulary List and a pen 2. Take out your Practice Translatio and a red pen 1. Review your Practice Translātio to see if there are any final questions you have about either its annotation or translation PENSUM # 21 TRANSLĀTIO ON TUESDAY!!!! • STUDY your Vocabulary List • STUDY your noun endings (pgs. 5 & 6 of Packet 4) • STUDY verb endings (Packet 2) and the conjugation of sum, esse (Packet 3) Nouns- 1st declension • • • • • aqua, aquae f. water dea, deae f. goddess rēgīna, rēgīnae f. queen fīlia, fīliae f. daughter terra, terrae f. earth, land Nouns – 2nd declension • • • • • • • fīlius, fīliī m. son, child orāculum, orāculī n. oracle, prophecy rēgnum, rēgnī n. kingdom ager, agrī m. field, land matrimonium, matrimoniī n. marriage vir, virī m. man, husband deus, deī m. god Verbs- 1st Conjugation • amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus to love • do, dare, dedī, datus to give Verbs – 2nd conjugation • videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus to see Verbs – 3rd Conjugation • dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dīctus to say, speak • regō, regere, rexī, rectus to rule • petō, petere, petivī, petitus to seek, look for Verbs – 3rd –io conjugation • • • • capiō, capere, cēpī, captus to seize; take cupiō, cupere, cupivī, cupitus to want, desire fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitus to flee, escape faciō, facere, fēcī, factus to make, do Verbs – 4th Conjugation • veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventus to arrive, come Prepositions • • • • • • • • ā/ab (+ABL) from, away from ad (+ACC) to, towards cum (+ABL) with ē/ex (+ABL) out of, from in (+ABL) in, on in (+ACC) into, onto sine (+ABL) without sub (+ABL) under(neath), below Conjunctions • et and • ubi where, when • sed but CERTAMEN! • Each table will compete against one another • You will have .5-1 minute to complete a question and record your answer on a mini whiteboard • After time is up, you will hold up your answer • Each table who holds up a right answer will get 1 point – I will call on one person from one table to explain your answer. If you are called on you MUST be able to correctly explain how you arrived at your answer to earn points for your table • Table(s) with the most points win and will get BONUS points on their TRANLSATIO! QUAESTIŌ #1 • TRANSLATE: –dīcunt QUAESTIŌ #2 • TRANSLATE: –we are QUAESTIŌ #3 • TRANSLATE: –in rēgnum QUAESTIŌ #4 • FORM the noun ‘vir’ in the ACCUSATIVE PLURAL QUAESTIŌ #5 • FORM the noun ‘orāculum’ in the NOMINATIVE PLURAL QUAESTIŌ #6 • TRANSLATE: –deōs et deās regit Iuppiter. QUAESTIŌ #7 • TRANSLATE: –The goddess sees (her) daughter. QUAESTIŌ #8 • Complete the following dictionary entry: –veniō, ________, vēnī, __________: to ________, ________ QUAESTIŌ #9 • Name the 3 sisters of Jupiter QUAESTIŌ #10 • TRANSLATE: –Iuppiter terram nebulā operit et puellam capit. nebula, nebulae f. cloud operiō, operīre, operuī, opertus to cover, hide