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Human Body Systems Group #3 - Homeostasis THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM THE IMMUNE SYSTEM The Excretory System - Functions •Metabolism is all of the chemical activities that help the organism survive •The body needs to balance water, salt, and other chemicals to maintain the functions of all systems •Wastes are generated through metabolism (chemical reactions) •Excretion gets rids of the wastes The Excretory System - Structures •Cells – nephrons filter the blood •Tissues - epithelial & muscular tissue •Organs • kidneys – are made of nephrons filter the blood • bladder – stores urine • large intestine – digestive wastes • lungs – exhale carbon dioxide & water • skin – sweat releases water, salt & chemicals The Excretory System - Interactions •Urinary System filters the blood and releases liquid wastes (urine) •Digestive System • collects undigested materials and releases them as solid wastes (feces) •Respiratory System • collects and releases carbon dioxide and water •Integumentary System (Skin) • releases wastes through sweating (salt, water & other chemicals) The Excretory System - Interactions •Cardiovascular System (Circulatory System) •blood carries wastes to locations of disposal •For example… • carbon dioxide is carried back to the lungs for exhaling • blood is pumped to the kidneys for filtering The Lymphatic System - Functions •Provides protection from pathogens (germs and other foreign substances that enter/invade the body) •Transport wastes through fluids OUTSIDE of the circulatory system (a clear fluid, not blood) •Controlled by movements of the skeletal muscles The Lymphatic System - Structures •Cells – white blood cells •Tissues – connective tissue •Organs • lymph nodes such as tonsils, spleen, adenoids, thymus The Lymphatic System - Interactions •Skeletal & Muscular Systems • voluntary movement causes lymph to circulate •Digestive System • spleen captures and destroys pathogens •Respiratory • tonsils capture and destroy pathogens The Lymphatic System - Interactions •Excretory System • helps get rid of wastes •Immune System • white blood cells fight pathogens •Nervous & Senses • helps to move cerebrospinal fluid •Endocrine • thymus glands produce T-cells that help fight disease The Immune System – Functions •Protects the body against invaders/pathogens such as… • viruses • bacteria • parasites • fungi •Produces antibodies • to fights pathogens now • to recognize pathogens in the future The Immune System – Structures •Cells – white blood cells •Tissues – epithelial and connective tissue •Organs - blood vessels and lymph nodes The Immune System – Interactions •Skeletal – bone marrow produces white blood cells •Muscular - voluntary movement causes lymph to circulate •Integumentary (Skin) – skin blocks pathogens from entering body •Digestion – hydrochloric acid in the stomach kills bacteria in food •Respiratory • cilia and mucus trap pathogens • sneezing and coughing expel pathogens from body •Cardiovascular – transport white blood cells to the immune system The Immune System – Interactions •Excretory – helps get rid of wastes •Lymphatic – thymus and spleen produce white blood cells •Nervous - cerebrospinal fluid helps protect the brain •Endocrine – gland control release of hormones that trigger immune responses