Download D. ketone body synthesis uses the last enzyme of fatty acid synthesis

BB 451/551 Exam
Name______________________________
General Instructions: This exam is worth 100 points total. Read the instructions
for each question carefully. If you do not understand the instructions for any
section of the exam, raise your hand. Do not spend too much time on any one
question. Do not use abbreviations for names of compounds or enzymes that we
have not used in class. You may, however, use any abbreviations that have been
used by me in class. No one will be permitted to work on the exam longer than
50 minutes. Budget your time appropriately.
Section 1 __________
Section 2 __________
Section 3 __________
Total
__________
Do not open the exam until you are instructed to begin
Section I: (20 points total) The statements in this section can be completed by
any of the lettered responses following it. Each statement may have more than
one answer that is correct, one answer that is correct, or no answers that are
correct. Students should clearly circle only those responses that complete the
sentence to make a correct statement. Points will be awarded for each circled
response that makes a correct statement and for each uncircled response that
makes an incorrect statement. For example, the practice question below has
three correct answers (b,c,d). You would receive four points if you circled
‘b’,’c’, and ‘d’. You would receive one point if you circled ‘a’ and ‘b’. You
would receive no points if you circled only ‘a’. If we have uncertainty about
whether or not an answer is marked, it will automatically be counted as a
wrongly answered question. Be clear in your markings.
Practice question #A: Oregon State University
A. is a Peruvian factory
B. is located in Corvallis, Oregon
C. has a mascot named Benny Beaver
D. has students from all over the world.
1. With respect to fatty acid metabolism,
A. it ends with oxidation of short chain fatty acids in peroxisomes
B. oxidation of saturated fatty acids involves cis intermediates
C. enoyl-CoA isomerase is not needed for oxidation of saturated fatty
acids
D. ketone body synthesis uses the last enzyme of fatty acid synthesis
2. With respect to deoxyribonucleotide metabolism,
A. it uses NDPK to convert all NDPs to dNDPs
B. it uses ribonucleotide reductase to convert dUDT to dTDP
C. it is inhibited when dADP concentration is high
D. it can be inhibited by methotrexate inhibition of RNR
3. With respect to DNA replication,
A. leading strand synthesis uses DNA Polymerase III
B. lagging strand synthesis uses DNA Polymerase III
C. absolutely every DNA polymerase acts 5’ to 3’
D. proofreading is 5’ to 3’
4. With respect to fat movement in the body,
A. chylomicron remnants carry fat and cholesterol back from capillaries
to the liver
B. fatty acids travel freely in the bloodstream
C. LDLs are susceptible to oxidation
D. LDLs carry the most fat of the lipoprotein complexes
5. With respect to fat and fatty acid metabolism
A. Acetate is the only component that can be converted into glucose in animals
B. NAD+ and FAD are electron acceptors in fatty acid oxidation
C. Oxidation of fatty acids is not allosterically, hormonally, or enzymatically
regulated
D. ACP is used to carry fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane
Section II: (50 points total) Each sentence below in this section is missing a
word or phrase to complete it. Fill in the blank as appropriate to complete the
sentence with a correct statement. Each correctly filled in blank below will be
awarded two points.
1. What macromolecule carried by a telomerase allows the enzyme to build a
telomere? ______________________.
2. What enzymatic activity is found in DNA polymerase I, but not in any other
enzyme in E. coli? _______________________.
3. Describe accurately in words what enoyl-CoA isomerase catalyzes
4. What is the name of the lipoprotein complex taken up by cells in receptor
mediated endocytosis? ______________________.
5. What regulatory enzyme named in class determines whether or not
pyrimidines are made ? _______________________.
6. What is the exact name of the 3 carbon molecule that donates two carbons to
fatty acid synthesis (no partial credit)? _______________________.
7. What is the first citric acid cycle intermediate that propionyl-CoA is converted
to? _______________________.
8. What is the name of the 20 carbon precursor of prostaglandins?
_______________________.
9. The formation of which covalent bonds are catalyzed by the action of DNA
polymerases, DNA ligases, and topoisomerases?
10. What enzyme described in class operates at over 6000 rpm?
_______________________.
11. Name the first protein to bind to the E. coli replication origin
_______________________.
12. Name the only regulated enzyme in either fat or fatty acid breakdown
_______________________
13. What is the name of the cellular structure missing in familial
hypercholesterolemia? _______________________
14. Name the molecule produced by catalysis by the only regulated enzyme of
fatty acid biosynthesis _______________________
15. What molecule is the energy source for synthesis of AMP?
_______________________.
16. What is the name of the molecule that is the branch point in de novo purine
ribonucleotide synthesis? _______________________.
17. What atom does RNR (ribonucleotide reductase) catalyze the removal of?
_______________________.
18. What is the name of the first electron acceptor in fatty acid oxidation?
_______________________.
19. Name the form of DNA discovered by Rosalind Franklin
_______________________.
20. Name the enzyme necessary for making phosphodiester bonds to join
together individual Okazaki fragments _______________________
21. Ribonucleotide reductase is inhibited by what compound?
_______________________.
22. Specifically where does the compound in the previous question bind to the enzyme?
_______________________.
23. What kinds of molecules inhibit the release of arachidonic acid from
membranes? _______________________.
24. What reactive oxygen-containing molecule is produced as a result of
oxidation of very long chain fatty acids? _______________________.
25. What difference is there between a nucleoside monophosphate and a
nucleotide? _______________________.
Section III: Matching. Place the letter of the term/phrase on the right in the
blank before the term on the left that it best matches. Only one letter is
appropriate in the blank. Note that there are more terms on the right than
there are blanks, so not every term on the right has a best match. Terms on the
right may be used once, more than once, or not at all. If we cannot read your
writing or if you put two letters in any blank on the left, your answer will be
counted wrong automatically. Each correctly matched pair is worth two
points.
____ 1. Carnitine
____ 2. Ciprofloxacin
____ 3. AMP
____ 4. CDP
____ 5. Cyclooxygenase
____ 6. Acetone
____ 7. Aromatase
____ 8. Telomerase
____ 9. Statin
____ 10. PRPP
____ 11. Acyl dehydrogenase
____ 12. Arachidonic acid
____ 13. Citrate
____ 14. Serine
____ 15. dUMP
A. Steroid catalyst
B. Activates acetyl-CoA carboxylase
C. Necessary for estradiol synthesis
D. FADH2 producer
E. Inhibits own synthesis
F. Nucleoside
G. Sphingolipid precursor
H. Ribose source
I. Unsaturated glyerophospholipid
J. Aspirin target
K. dUTPase product
L. Acetyl-ACP shuttle molecule
M. Competitive inhibitor
N. Topoisomerase inhibitor
O. Reverse transcriptase
P. Moves in and out of mitochondria
Q. Electron acceptor in peroxisomes
R. RNR substrate
S. Holds acyl group during fatty acid
oxidation
T. Leukotriene precursor
U. Ketone body byproduct
V. Vitamin B12 component
Extra credit (2 points) – Describe precisely using words, not figures, the structure of
essential fatty acids in humans.