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ROCK QUIZ
Name___________________________________
1. Which granite sample most likely formed from
magma that cooled and solidified at the slowest
rate?
The diagram at the
right represents
the percentage
by volume of
each mineral
found in a
sample of
basalt.
7. Which mineral is represented by the letter X in the
diagram? (1) potassium feldspar (2) plagioclase
feldspar (3) quartz (4) mica
Base your answers to questions 2 + 3 on the diagram
below which represents the formation of a
sedimentary rock. [Sediments are drawn actual
size.]
8. How does basalt form? (1) pressure and heat, just
below melting (2) compaction and cementing (3)
erosion and deposition (4) melting and
solidification
9. Which of these samples is a coarse grained igneous
rock? (1) conglomerate (2) granite
(3)
sandstone (4) gneiss
10. Some sedimentary rocks form as a direct result of
(1) evaporation of seawater (2) recrystallization
just before melting (3) solidification of melted
rock (4) the weathering of solid rock
2. The formation of which sedimentary rock is show in
the diagram? (1) conglomerate (2) sandstone
(3) siltstone (4) shale
3. Which two processes formed this rock? (1) folding
and faulting (2) melting and solidification (3)
compaction and cementation: (4) heating and
application of pressure
11. Granite is composed of large crystals because it
(1) is relatively high in density (2) is composed of
felsic minerals (3) cooled slowly, deep
underground (4) contains pebbles of various
compositions
12. Which sample is composed of sedimentary
particles from 0.006 cm to 0.2 cm in diameter that
have been compressed and cemented together? (1)
sandstone (2) gneiss (3) conglomerate (4) granite
4. Which property is common to most dark-colored
igneous rocks? (1) high density (2) intrusive
formation (3) abundant felsic minerals (4) coarsegrained texture
13 Classifying rocks as igneous, sedimentary, or
metamorphic is based upon differences in their
(1) age (2) particle size (3) hardness (4) origin
5. According to the Reference Tables, which
sedimentary rock most likely formed as an
evaporite? (1) siltstone (2) conglomerate (3)
gypsum (4) shale
14. What sedimentary rock would be formed from
particles 2 to 4 centimeters in diameter cement by
a fine-grained matrix? (1) shale (2) sandstone
(3) conglomerate (4) siltstone
6. What rock is formed by the compression and
cementation of sediments with particle sizes
ranging from 0.08 to 0.1 centimeter? (1) basalt (2)
conglomerate (3) granite (4) sandstone
15. According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
what is the percentage of the mineral quartz in a
typical granite? (1) 5% (2) 10% (3) 35% (4) 75%
16. Which of the following rock types often forms by
precipitation from evaporating sea water? (1)
gypsum (2) sandstone (3) basalt (4) shale
plagioclase and pyroxene (2) it is felsic and low in
density (3) it formed near the earth's surface (4) it
cooled slowly as it formed
17. What property is used to classify a rock as shale,
siltstone, sandstone or conglomerate? (1) the
mineral composition (2) the shapes of the mineral
crystals (3) the overall color of the rock (4) the
size of the particles in the rock
26. According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
which of these is a fine-grained, dark-colored
igneous rock? (1) basalt (2) granite (3) shale
(4) diorite,
18. Nine rock samples were classified into three
groups as shown in the table below.
This classification system was most likely based on the
(1) age of the minerals in the rock (2) size of the
crystals in the rock (3) way in which the rock
formed
(4) color of the rock
19. Which two processes result in the formation of
igneous rocks? (1) solidification and evaporation
(2) melting and solidification (3) crystallization
and cementation (4) compression and precipitation
20 According to the Reference Tables, which property
would be most useful for identifying igneous
rocks? (1) kind of cement (2) mineral composition
(3) number of mineral present (4) types of fossils
present
21. Which characteristic of an igneous rock provides
the most information about how it formed? (1)
color (2) streak (3) texture (4) hardness
22. How do igneous rocks form? (1) high pressure at
low temperatures (2) erosion and deposition
(3) compaction and cementing (4) melting and
solidification
23. According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
which mineral is found in a wide variety of
igneous rocks?(1) potassium feldspar (2)
plagioclase feldspar (3) qumr . .(4) dark (biotite)
mica
24. According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
how does gabbro differ from basalt? (1) only in
grain size (2) o~ in mineral composition (3) in
color and grain size (4) in mineral composition and
color
25. If an igneous rock is composed of large mineral
crystals, we can conclude that (1) it contains both
27. The bedrock of the flat areas on the Moon is
mostly basalt. This fine-grained igneous rock was
most likely formed by the (1) cementing and
compacting of sediments (2) changes caused by
heat and pressure on pre-existing rocks (3) slow
cooling of magma deep under the surface . (4)
rapid cooling of molten rock in lava flows
28. Sand collected from a beach contains a mixture of
pyroxene, olivine, hornblende, and plagioclase
feldspar. According to the Earth Science Reference
Tables, what can we conclude about the rock the
sand came from? (1) It was mafic in composition.
(2) It was relatively low in density. (3) It contained
only light-colored minerals. (4) It was either
granite or rhyolite.
29. According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
what is the approximate percentage of plagioclase
feldspar in igneous diorite? (1) 10% (2) 30% (3)
60% (4) 90%
30. According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
sandstone can be composed entirely of sedimenbuy
particles with a diameter of (1) 1/1000 (2) 1/10 cm
(3) 1 cm (4) 10 cm
31. Where are sedimentary rocks usually found?
(1) covering most of the continents (2) regions of
recent volcanic activity (3) deep within the Earth’s
crust (4) next to igneous intrusions
32. Which process(es) change sediments into
sewmenbuy rock? (1) melting (2) compression and
cementing (3) extrusion and intrusion
(4) metarnoIphism
33 According to the Earth Science Reference Tables,
what kind of sedimentary rock may be composed
of marine skeletons, or sea shell fragments
cemented together? (1) limestone (2) rock salt (3)
coal
(4) siltstone
34. How does rock salt form? (1) by crystallization of
molten rock (2) by the cementing of cobbles and
boulders (3) by heating and compression of other
rocks (4) by the evaporation of sea water