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Cellular Respiration Part 1: Glycolysis & Fermentation Objectives Identify the two major steps of cellular respiration Describe the major events in glycolysis Compare lactic acid fermentation with alcoholic fermentation Calculate the efficiency of glycolysis Cellular Respiration Is the process in which cells make ATP by breaking down glucose ATP is needed for cells to do __________. All living things do cellular respiration Many of the reactions in cellular respiration are redox reactions Redox is short for _______________, in which one reactant loses electrons and the other gains electrons TURNING GLUCOSE INTO ATP FOR CELL WORK Why are these reactants and products familiar? REVIEW 1. What fuel do we use to make energy? REVIEW 2. WHERE DO WE GET THE FUEL? 3. WHERE DO PLANTS GET THE FUEL? Locations of Cellular Respiration CYTOPLASM & MITOCHONDRION Overview of Cellular Respiration The products of photosynthesis become the reactants of respiration Cellular respiration is divided into two stages: Glycolysis (______________) Aerobic Respiration (__________) Steps of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis 2. Krebs Cycle 3. Electron Transport Chain 1. GLYCOLYSIS Is the process of glucose being split into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid It happens in the cytoplasm Is catalyzed by special enzymes It is anaerobic What does anaerobic mean? GLYCOLYSIS 1. Glucose is converted into a new 6-C compound by using 2 ATP’s 2. The 6-C compound is then split into two 3 carbon molecules of G3P 3. The 2 G3P molecules are then oxidized into 2 new 3-C molecules by reducing 2 NAD+ into 2 NADH & 2H+ 4. Finally, 4 ADP molecules are added to the 3-C molecules, forming 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, 4 ATP’s, & 2 H2O GLYCOLYSIS Glycolysis Energy Account Used Made Net total: What Happens when Oxygen is Not Present after Glycolysis? Fermentation Alcoholic Fermentation Glycolysis Ethanol Glucose 2 Pyruvic acid E Lactic Acid Fermentation Lactic Acid Review 9. What are the two types of fermentation? 10. Which type of fermentation do humans sometimes do? 11. What does lactic acid do to humans?