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E.Q: What led to the evolution of Georgia’s government from a Royal Colony to a Constitutional Democracy? Georgia adopts a state constitution About two thirds of Georgians remained loyal to England during the American Revolution They were known as Tories In 1777 a constitution was adopted for Georgia at a meeting in Savannah Georgia’s first 8 counties were formed Burke, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Glyn, Richmond, Wilkes & Liberty How many counties does Georgia have today? (159 counties) Georgia Timeline 10,000 B.C.E to 1776 Who?: Paleo Indians When?: 10,000-8000 BCE arrive in GA from land bridge across Bering Strait Where?: Did not settle in one place/ nomadic people Why?: following food supply Who: Archaic(Early , Middle & late) Indians When: 80001000BCE Where?: Why: Who? : Spanish explorer Hernando De Soto When?: 1540 about 50 years after Columbus Where??????? Why?: Looking for Gold, Glory & God Where? Travelled Georgia looking for gold died near Mississippi River Who? King George II & James Oglethorpe What;? Charter of 1732 When:? 1732 Why:?????? Where:???? Who? Royal governors (John Reynolds, What: Royal Governors to Georgia by King George II of England? Who:? England v. France fight in 7 years War/ ……… War) What? When?: When: 1752? Where? Where?????? Why??? Why?????? Who ? King George III What? Taxes for debt from? And new land acquired When? Where? Why? Because he believed that defending the colonies from France & Indians came at a cost to England Who? American colonists/rebels/ patriots (Gwinnett Button, ……) Who? George Washington What? (Sign agreement to do what?) What? Battle of Yorktown British Surrender ends War of Independence When?? When? Where? Philladelphia Where? Why??? Why? What do you know about the U.S Constitution? What do you know ?(K) What do you want to Know ?(W) What have you learned ?(L) Vocabulary Georgia’s Constitution of 1777 Strengths Still have legislative branch Three branches have separate power Established counties replaced parishes Weaknesses Legislature (unicameral only I house) No checks & balances in legislative branch Governor served only 1 year Established local county governments Executive branch or governor was too weak he could not veto laws passed Legislative council had power to veto 3 branches of government but legislative had more power The Articles of Confederation The first constitution of the United States of America Ratified (approved) on July 4th 1776 Went into effect on January 1781 when Maryland & Virginia approved it Who was the 1st president of the U.S.A John Hanson or George Washington Articles of Confederation Strengths Weaknesses First written constitution in the Weak central government U.S of America Had a legislature Had strong governments (state) No executive or judicial branch to enforce laws or hear disputes Central government could not levy (impose) taxes No checks & balances No taxes collected so there was no military All power lied with states Each state had equal vote in congress regardless of size or population Constitutional convention of 1787 Why? Because the Articles of Confederation were too weak William Few and Abraham Baldwin represent Georgia at the convention in Philadelphia George Washington presided over convention U.S government establishes 3 branches of government (Executive, Legislature & Judiciary) Each branch could check the power of the other branches (checks & balances) Senate & house of representatives established. Only three fifths of slave population would be counted towards representation of state Ratification of the U.S Constitution 1788 After much debate between Federalists & Anti-Federalists the Constitution was adopted in 1788 Georgia is the 4th State to ratify The Constitution could be changed or amended The first 10 changes to the Constitution are known as the Bill of Rights George Washington becomes first president under the Constitution of the United States of America How many amendments have been made to the U.S Constitution to date? 27 times to date Similarities & differences between Georgia Constitution and the U.S Constitution (174-175) (At least 4 similarities and differences) Georgia Constitution of 1789 The U.S Constitution of 1787 Georgia after the Revolutionary War Economy was in ruins not much farming Capital city moved from Savannah to Augusta Georgia delegates meet in 1788 & 1789 and adopt state constitution similar to national constitution with 3 branches General assembly was a bicameral legislature (Senate & house of representatives), governors and judges appointed and spending managed