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INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY CHAPTER ONE WHAT DOES THIS TERM MEAN? Word Parts are the Key!!! There are 3 types of word parts that are used to create medical terms. Word Roots Prefixes Suffixes (Combining Forms) WORD ROOTS Word Roots- The foundation of a medical term and contains the basic meaning of the term. Usually indicates the body part that is involved. A word may also contain multiple word roots (ex. Osteoarthritis) Examples: Cardi = heart Gastr =Stomach Neur = nerve PREFIXES Always at the beginning of the word. Usually indicates time, location, or number. Examples: Time = pre-, postLocation = intra-, periNumber= quadri-, bi-, poly- SUFFIXES Always at the end of the word. Usually indicates procedure, condition, or disease. Examples: Procedure = -ectomy, -graphy Condition = -osis, Disease= -itis, -algia, -necrosis COMBINING FORMS Now that we know what word roots are, we need to know how to connect them to a suffix. Combining forms make the terms easier to pronounce To connect them you take the wood root and + /O…… SOME EXAMPLES Combining Form arthr/o = joint cardi/o = heart gastr/o = stomach The “O” at the end of the word is called a combining vowel RULES TO COMBINING FORMS RULE 1 Combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel RULE 2 Combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant Combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel. Examples: Neur/O and –itis…..what is the correct way? A. Neuroitis B. Neuritis Combining Vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant. Examples Neur/O and –plasty…Which is the correct form? A. Neuroplasty B. Neurplasty Interpreting Medical Terms Gastroenterology 1. Divide the term into its word parts • Gastr/o/enter/o/logy 2. Define each word part, then combine them…. • • • • • gastr = stomach 0= combining vowel Enter= small intestine O = combining vowel Logy = study of Here’s that Term Again…. Let’s Break it Down OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 1. Divide the term into its word parts Ot/o/rhin/o/laryng/o/logy OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 3. Define and Combine all the meanings ot/o = ear and combining vowel rhin/o = nose and combining vowel laryng/o = throat and combining vowel -logy = study of What does the term mean? OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY = the study and treatment of diseases of the ear, nose, and throat. Try and pronounce the term without the combing vowels…… Otrhinlarygnlogy