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ENGL / COMM 4103 RHETORIC & PERSUASION Introduction to Roman Rhetoric Rhetoric after Aristotle “In the centuries between Aristotle and Cicero, rhetoric traveled between Athens and Rome, carried along in the general wave of Hellenism . . . that flowed westward” (Glenn 56). Hermagoras: Stasis Theory Stasis Theory is a rhetorical process to determine the point at issue in an argument (Lanham 93 – 94). Conjectural: 1. Dispute over a fact. Was the deed done? Definitional: 2. Dispute over a definition. What kind of deed was done? Qualitative: 3. Dispute over the value, quality, or nature of the deed. Was it a legal deed? Translative: 4. Dispute over moving the issue from one court to another. Are we trying the case in the right court? Neo-platonic Rhetoric Attempted to harmonize the rhetorical theories of Plato and Aristotle. Favored the Platonic texts – Phaedrus and Gorgias – and Hermogenes’ theories concerning stasis and style. Influential into the Medieval era. Roman Rhetoric “Athenian rhetoric offered much to the burgeoning Roman republic: not only could individual speakers advance themselves and enhance their political aspirations but they could also ‘direct civic affairs by securing action through persuasion’” (Glenn and Enos qtd. in Glenn 56) Greek Influence in Roman Rhetoric The Hellenistic Period: Dates: Followed Alexander’s death in 338 BC. Lasted until Roman consolidation of power in 30 BC. Influence: Spread Greek culture across the eastern Meditteranean. Established Greek language and education as the common standards across the expanding Roman empire. Roman conquerors absorbed and adapted the robust cultural, educational, and religious practices of the Greeks. Greek Influence in Roman Rhetoric Well-ordered political and legal system. Bureaucratic necessity of large empire. Aggressively pragmatic worldview. Roman Rhetoric Existing Greek rhetorical theory and practice.