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Planets - Classifying We can differentiate the planets several ways: By composition the planets are divided into: • • • Terrestrial – Rocky planets including Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Composed mainly of rock and metal. Have high densities, slow rotation and solid surfaces Jovian – Gas planets composed mainly of hydrogen and helium. Tend to have low densities, rapid rotation and deep atmospheres. Pluto belongs to neither group. It is mainly composed of ice. By position relative to the Sun: Inner – Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars • Outer – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto The asteroid belt forms the boundary between the inner and outer solar system. • By position relative to the Earth: • • Inferior – Mercury and Venus (closer to Sun than Earth) Superior – Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto Inferior planets show phases like the moon when viewed from Earth, while the superior planets do not.