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Autonomous Mobile Mesh
Networks and their Design
Changes
Ad hoc wireless networks

Set of mobile nodes that are:
 Self-organizing
 Self-healing
 Survivable
 Instantaneously available

all without having infrastructure
Multi-hop mesh networks
Has two or more hops to any one node.
 These networks should also have
multiple paths to get to a particular
node.
 The data being transmitted will “hop” to
each node until the data reaches its
particular destination.
 Must be able to update the current
layout of the mesh network incase a
node leaves the area.

Mobile Mesh Networks
Autonomous
 Multi-hop
 Highly dynamic
 Human-centric
 Broadband mesh networks

Categorization of mesh networks
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History of the wireless network
Public Safety Services

Work on the 4.94 - 4.990GHz band
Car accidents and first responders
 Surveillance-youtube.com

Disaster relief

Hurricane Katrina
 If there had been a mesh network, nodes
from inside New Orleans would have been
able to pinpoint where people were.
 With surveillance cameras mounted on
telephone poles, the data would have been
able to go from hop to hop transmitting data
back to the first responders and police.
 The people we seen looting from stores
would have been prosecuted because the
police would have had video
Defense/Military operations

Easily torn down and set up

On the move support

Voice over ip
Consumer/Home Networking

New Blu-ray Dvd players

Surround sound

Wireless routers are limited, with multihop devices, the range is much greater.
Transportation Applications

I-pass
Mobile mesh VS Fixed mesh
networks
Example of a autonomous
wireless network
Physical Radio Channels
Commercial-off-the –shelf (COTS)
 Work on the 802.11 standard
 Allows access to many types of devices
today

 PDA
 Laptops
 Cell phones
 Other home appliances
Medium of Mesh networks
Can work with access points connected
to the internet or company intranet.
 Task Group S

 OSI layer 2 mesh
○ Called ‘Extended Service Set (ESS) Mesh
Networking’

Autonomous systems can stand alone,
so the discovery process is needed to
find other nodes in the area that are also
supporting this type of access.
Routing and Multicasting

We need :
 A way to discover if a new node has entered




the group
A way to update the group is a node goes
down or leaves the group
A way to minimize the number of hops data
takes to reach the destination.
A way to maximize the bandwidth being
used
A way to minimize power consumption by
the nodes
Choosing a Route

On-demand
 The routes are established when a packet is
sent. When the receiver gets a packet, they
look at the route it took, and get the layout
topology of other nodes in the group

Proactive
 The nodes are continuously updating the
topology by sending small packets
○ High overhead
Route Reestablishment

Class exercise
Security

Wireless eavesdropping
 Wal-Mart Example

DOS
 ‘Node a’ sending countless packets to ‘node
b’ could block access to other node, ‘node c’
from being able to use ‘node b’ to get to
‘node d’
IP Addressing

Needs have a large set of address
space IPv6
 IPv4 only give 4 billion addresses
○ It is feasible for two computers to have the
same address.
 IPv6 would give 2128 or about 3.4×1038

Helps With DAD (duplicate address
detection systems)
Roaming

Node should be able to:
 Roam from one network to another
 Connections should be seamless
 Should not lose connections to data that
may be critical
 Acquire new IP addresses instantaneously
whether another autonomous mesh or a
fixed mesh
Applications
Real time video
 Voice over Multi-hop mesh
 Instant Multimedia messaging
 Resource tracking
 Affinity group
