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The Respiratory System: Study Guide
Major Functions of the Respiratory System
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supplies the __________ with _____________ which is then delivered to all of the bodies
________________________.
Removes ______________________ from the blood and _____________ from the body
Why do we need Oxygen?
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Oxygen (_______) is an essential gas in _______________________. This process generates
_____ (energy molecules) in the ____________________ of all cells.
The primary ____________________ generated by cellular respiration is carbon dioxide (_____)
The air we breathe is composed of: ______________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Respiratory System Organs: Mouth, Nose, and Larynx
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When air enters your mouth/nose, ___________ aids in ___________________ and
________________the air before it _________________________________.
It passes over your _____________, or voice box, which has ______________________ able to
generate sound. The larynx also protects the _____________.
When you _____________ particles fly from your nose and mouth at ____________________!
Respiratory System Organs: Pharynx and the Epiglottis
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In the back of the throat, the place where the ______________ and the ________________
meet is called the pharynx.
The _______________ is a flap of tissue that prevents food from entering the _____________.
Respiratory System Organs: The Trachea
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The trachea, or _______________, is a tube made of _____________________ that branches
into _____________________.
It is lined with __________ and ____________designed to __________________________ from
the air we breathe.
Respiratory System Organs: Bronchi and Bronchioles
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The trachea opens into ______________ and then continues to branch into smaller and smaller
tubes called _________________. Gas exchange does _________________________ here…
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Clumps of _______________________ protrude from the tops of
___________________________________ cells. _________________ movements of the cilia
serve to ______________________ and other ________________ away from _____________
and towards the throat, where they are ____________________.
Lung Tissue Histology
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The ________________ are composed of a single layer of ____________________________.
Between the alveoli you may see a thin layer of _____________________________ tissue and
numerous _______________________ also lined with simple squamous epithelium.
Respiratory System Organs: Alveoli
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The _____________________ terminate in ____________________ structures called “alveoli,”
_______and ________ are exchanged here in microscopic _______________________ called
______________________.
A “__________” occurs when a person’s blood contains elevated levels of
________________________. The influx of oxygen provided by the yawn helps re-establish
______________________.
Respiratory System Organs: The Pleura
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The pleura, or _______________________, is a fluid filled ____________________________
that surrounds the lungs. It effectively creates a _____________________ (like a
_____________) for the lungs to operate.
Chemicals in ________________________________ damage alveoli.
The Circulatory System and the Respiratory System
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The primary vehicle for ___________________ is the ___________________. These cells have a
protein called ____________________, which _____________ and _________ respiratory gases.
Blood is delivered to the lungs via the heart in a process called
“_____________________________.” Oxygenated blood is then transported
_________________________, and pumped to all of the bodies tissues.
Respiratory System Organs: The Diaphragm
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The ____________ is a large muscle that separates the ____________ and ____________
cavities.
When you inhale, it moves _____________ and your ribcage _____________. When you
___________ it returns to its normal position and air is _____________ from the lungs.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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___________________ is a lung disease involving damage to the air sacs (___________).There is
_____________________________ of alveoli and the _________________________ that
supports the alveoli.
Fun Facts!
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At rest, the body takes in and breathes out about ___________ of air each minute.
The right lung is slightly ____________ than the left.
The ________________ in the lungs would extend ____________________ if placed end to end.
We lose ___________________ of water a day through breathing. This is the water vapor we
see when we __________________________________.
A person at rest usually breathes between _______________________ times a minute.
The breathing rate is ______________ in children and women than in men.
David Blaine set a new world record for breath-holding on April 30, 2008, at
____________________________, during a live telecast of The Oprah Winfrey Show.
Pop Quiz #2 (easy)
Fill in the Blank
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Burning fuel (food) requires __________
All living things carry out _________.
2 waste products generated by cellular respiration include water and _______.
Small blood vessels where gas exchange occurs: ________
Cilia and mucus help moisten and _______ the air we breathe.
Another word for “windpipe” __________
Another word for “voice box” _________
Air sacs in your lung where gas exchange takes place: _________
The respiratory system works most closely with this body system: __________ ___________.
This tiny structure prevents choking when you eat. __________
Pop Quiz #2 (harder)
Fill in the Blank
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The formula for cellular respiration is: ___________________________________
________ protrude from the tops of specialized columnar epithelial cells in brinchioles.
_______ is the functional component within hemoblobin protein moleculaes.
Expansion of the ribcage generates _________ __________, forcing air into the lungs.
The alveoli are composed of a single layer of __________ _________.
Mast cells generate __________.
___________ __________ protects the larynx.
___________ __________ delivers blood to and from the lungs from the heart.
Smoking can cause Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or ____________.
10. The atmosphere is composed of 79% diatomic __________ and 20% diatomic __________.
11. The _________ _________ is a fluid filled double membrane that surrounds the lungs.