Download MUSCULAR_SYSTEM_notes

MUSCULAR SYSTEM
•
•
Nearly ______our weight comes from
muscle tissue.
There are ____different muscles in the
human body.
3 Main Functions
1. Responsible for all__________
2. Responsible for body ________________
3. Responsible for body _______________
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
3 types of muscle:
1.
2.
3.
1. Skeletal Muscle
• Attached to ________
• VOLUNTARY
Contract______, fatigue _______, can’t maintain
contraction ______________
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
2. Cardiac Muscle
Found only in the _______
• INVOLUNTARY
• Creates it’s own_________
• Cells are fused – when one
contracts ______________
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Review of Cardiac Muscle
• What is the pacemaker of the heart called?
• What are they vessels that provide O2 to the heart called?
• When the heart is deprived of O2, what happens?
• What is the chest pain felt when the heart is deprived of O2?
• What do we call beats that are originated outside of the SA node?
• What is the deadliest arrhythmia?
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
3. Smooth muscle
• ___________ (organ) muscle
• Found in walls of ________system, _______ and
___________
• INVOLUNTARY controlled by the
_____________________
• Act__________, do not__________, can remain
_____________
Sphincter muscles
• special circular muscles in openings between the
esophagus and stomach
• What are they called????
• ___________sphincter __________ sphincter
• Also found at anus, urethra and mouth.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
MUSCLES
• CONTRACTIBILITY – the ability of a muscle to
_____________________ of its contents or the space it
surrounds.
• Unique to ___________tissue
• EXCITEABILITY (IRRITABILITY) – the
__________________________ by producing impulses.
• Only _________and __________tissue have this ability
• EXTENSIBILITY – the ability to_____________.
• ELASTICITY – ability of muscle
to_____________________________________
Contraction of Muscle Tissue
Muscle contraction occurs as a result of
2 events:
1. “myoneural stimulation” ___________
2. contraction___________
•
MOTOR UNIT – a ____________plus
all the ______________it stimulates.
MOVEMENT
•
•
•
•
•
Muscles move bones by___________ on them.
Muscles never____________!!!!
Muscles must be attached to bones for ________
_________ attach muscles to bones
__________attach bones to bones
Both ends of ____________are attached to bones
Muscle Attachments
•
Insertion:
•
Origin:
•
Movement occurs _____________between the
______and _________.
MOVEMENT
•
Groups of muscles usually contract to__________________________.
•
Muscles are arranged in pairs in the body.
i.e. Biceps and triceps
•
PRIME MOVER - muscle whose contraction is ____________for producing
a given movement.
•
ANTAGONIST - muscle whose actions
______________________to that of the prime movers.
i.e. biceps- are the _______________to flex the lower arm
triceps would be the ______________________the lower arm
Sources of Energy and Heat
• When muscles work they produce ____
• Muscles major energy source is______
• As a muscle works _____ is released in the
form of _______
• During exercise the muscles use up their supply
of _____
• Lack of ____ causes incomplete ________ of
_________
• The byproduct of this incomplete oxidation is a
buildup of
• ________________
Sources of Energy and Heat
• The accumulation of the lactic acid in the muscle
causes
___________________
or ___________
When exercise is finished, you have to
__________ in enough ____for the muscles
to complete the ____________process
Then ________will return to ___________
Muscle Contractions
• MUSCLE TONE - When muscles___________
• ISOTONIC CONTRACTION - When muscles
_________________. (____________, etc.)
• ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION - When the _______in a
muscle ________but the muscle__________.
(exercises such as___________________.)
• Muscle atrophy muscles become____________
• Muscle hypertrophy muscle___________________