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INTRODUCTION TO AXIS AGGRESSION
Chapter 14, Section 1 (p.437-444)
1) What did Hitler secretly start to do when he became Chancellor of Germany in 1933? What
did the Treaty of Versailles say about this?
rebuild the military
forbid Germany from doing this
2) What did Great Britain let Germany do in 1935? What was Hitler’s claim about what he was
doing?
let Germany build submarines and other warships again—violated Treaty of Versailles again
claimed he was building strength to fight against the spread of communism
3) What was the Rhineland? What did Hitler send there? What was Hitler’s claim about what he
was doing? What did France and Great Britain do about this?
German territory that bordered France
small armed force
claimed he was reacting to a recent French-Soviet military agreement
complained about this violating of the Treaty of Versailles, but took no direct action
4) Why did Hitler continue to plot more aggressive moves? After the Rhineland, what was
Hitler’s next target? When and how did Hitler annex this country? Were the citizens of this
country happy about this?
because he knew his opponents in Europe hoped to avoid war
Austria
March 1938, marched into the country without opposition (began to demand officials to let him
annex it in early 1938)
supported the annexation, especially when realized Hitler would take it by force anyway
5) After Austria, what was Hitler’s next target? What was the Sudentenland? Did the people in
the Sudentenland wish to join Germany? Who did officials in this country believe would help
them if Germany attacked?
Czechoslovakia
region filled with a German-speaking population
Yes
France
6) What happened at a meeting in September 1938, held in Munich? What did this mean for
Czechoslovakia?
British PM Neville Chamberlain and French leader Edouard Daladier agreed not to block Hitler’s
way
they would fight Germany on their own if Germany attacked
INTRODUCTION TO AXIS AGGRESSION
Chapter 14, Section 1 (p.437-444)
7) What is appeasement? What did Winston Churchill have to say about appeasement?
giving in to aggressive demands in order to maintain peace
thought it was a bad idea, “Why not make a stand [against Hitler] while there is still a good
company of united, very powerful countries?”
8) In what countries aside from Germany had aggressive totalitarian regimes emerged? What
countries made up the Axis powers? In 1939, what did Italy and Germany agree to do?
Italy and Japan
Germany, Italy, and Japan
signed a military alliance in which each side pledged to aid the other in the event of war
9) What was going on in Spain during the 1930s? Who was fighting whom in Spain? What other
countries support each side? Who won? Who ruled Spain?
fierce political conflict had led to the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War
Nationalists, a Fascist group (led by Francisco Franco), supported by Italy and Germany; fighting
with Republicans, supported by, Soviet Union
Nationalists won, Franco became another dictator in Europe
10) What country/leader did Fascist Germany and Italy not get along with in the 1930s?
Why did these countries oppose each other?
communist Soviet Union, led by Stalin
because fascism and communism are different (fascism=extreme nationalism & loyalty to the state;
communism=international change & classless society)
11) What countries were discussing the possibility of an alliance with the Soviet Union? Why?
Who was the Soviet Union secretly making an agreement with? Why?
Great Britain and France because they were concerned about Hitler’s aggressive movements
Germany, because Stalin thought that Great Britain and France would not be able to protect his
country from the German army
12) What is a non-aggression pact? Who signed a non-aggression pact in 1939? What did a “secret
section” in this pact allow for?
an agreement in which each side promises not to attack the other
Germany and the Soviet Union
each side had a right to take territory in Eastern Europe, including dividing Poland into Soviet and
German areas