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Respiratory System - WEB Practice Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ ____ 1. Air is forced into the lungs by the contraction of the a. alveoli. c. diaphragm. b. bronchioles. d. heart. 2. What structure serves as a passageway for both air and food? a. pharynx c. larynx b. trachea d. bronchus Completion Complete each statement. 3. What surrounds each lung? 4. Gas exchange occurs naturally (and without energy) because of a 5. Gas exchange is increased greatly when the tissues involved are 6. Increased carbon dioxide in the blood increases the blood’s 7. Increased carbon dioxide in the blood stream causes a 8. What gas is most closely monitored so that the brain can determine if you need to breathe more? 9. What part of the brain is believed to be responsible for conscious breathing? 10. What 2 parts of the brain unconsciously control breathing? Short Answer 11. List in order the structures of the respiratory system through which air passes from the outside environment to the alveoli. 12. In what stage of breathing is the total volume of the chest cavity largest? 13. What is the basic function of the human respiratory system? 14. Desrbie two things in the respiratory system that filter impurities out of the air. 15. What is the purpose of the grape-like arrangement of the alveoli? 16. Desribe the relaxed position of the diaphragm. Essay 17. Compare the two types of biological respiration. Other USING SCIENCE SKILLS Figure 37–2 18. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 37-2, which labeled structure is the diaphragm? 19. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 37-2, what are two names for the structure labeled E? 20. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 37-2, what is the label and name of the structures in which the exchange of gases takes place? 21. Interpreting Graphics What is the label and name of the structure in Figure 37-2 that prevents the passage of food from the pharynx into the lungs? 22. Interpreting Graphics In Figure 37-2, what is the label and name of the structure that carries air from the trachea to a lung? Respiratory System - WEB Practice Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: C 2. ANS: A PTS: 1 PTS: 1 REF: p. 959 REF: p. 956 COMPLETION 3. ANS: pleural sac PTS: 1 4. ANS: concentration gradient. PTS: 1 5. ANS: moist PTS: 1 6. ANS: pH PTS: 1 7. ANS: Bohr shift PTS: 1 8. ANS: carbon dioxide PTS: 1 9. ANS: cortex PTS: 1 10. ANS: pons and medulla PTS: 1 SHORT ANSWER 11. ANS: The air passes from the outside into the body through the nose or mouth, passes through the pharynx and the trachea, and then passes into the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli within the lungs. PTS: 1 REF: p. 957 | p. 958 12. ANS: The chest cavity is largest at inhalation. PTS: 1 13. ANS: REF: p. 959 The human respiratory system brings about the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. PTS: 1 REF: p. 956 14. ANS: mucous - nasal secretions that are sticky so that dust, etc. gets stuck there and does not pass into the lungs. cilia - sweeps the air as it passes - catching the impurities. PTS: 1 15. ANS: The arrangement provides surface area for gas exchange. PTS: 1 16. ANS: It is arched up into the thoracic cavity making the caivty volume small (when compared to the volume as the diaphragm flattens out). PTS: 1 ESSAY 17. ANS: Cellular respiration is the release of energy from the breakdown of food in the presence of oxygen. The second type of respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the environment. PTS: 1 REF: p. 956 OTHER 18. ANS: C PTS: 1 19. ANS: trachea, windpipe REF: p. 957 PTS: 1 20. ANS: A, alveoli REF: p. 957 PTS: 1 21. ANS: F, epiglottis REF: p. 957 PTS: 1 22. ANS: D, bronchus REF: p. 957 PTS: 1 REF: p. 957