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Download Artery - A thick-walled blood vessel that carries blood away
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Artery - A thick-walled blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Ligament - A strong, fibrous band that holds bones together at a joint. Atherosclerosis - A condition in which an artery wall hardens and thickens due to plaque buildup. Neuron - The basic unit of the nervous system that carries nerve impulses. Atrium - Upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the rest of the body. Muscular Endurance - The ability of muscles to work for an extended period of time without getting tired. Atrophy A condition in which muscles that cannot contract or are not used often, weaken and shrink. Muscular Strength - The ability of muscles to produce force. Alveoli - Where the exchange of gases takes place in the lungs. Synapse - The place where impulses are transmitted from one neuron to another Bronchi - Two branches at the end of the trachea that lead to each lung. Vein - A large, thin walled blood vessel that carries blood to the heart. Cartilage - A tough, supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone. Used as cushion. Ventricle - A lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart. Joint - Place in the body where two or more bones meet. What body parts make up the axial skeleton? Skull, Spine, Ribs, Sternum, List the types of joints and provide an example. Ball & Socket - Hip / Shoulder Pivot - Ankle Gliding - knuckles What are the four types of bones? Long, Short, Flat, Irregular Hinge - Elbow / Knee Fixed Immovable - Skull What are the 3 types of muscle, and how does each work? Smooth - Involuntary Cardiac - Involuntary Skeletal - Voluntary What are the parts of the central nervous system? Brain and Spinal Cord What 3 parts make up the brain, and what are they responsible for? Cerebrum - Largest part - Mental processes Cerebellum - 2nd largest part - Balance and coordination Brain Stem - Involuntary actions ex. breathing/sneezing List the chambers of the heart in order of how they receive blood from the body. Right Atrium Right Ventricle Left Atrium Left Ventricle What are the four parts of blood? Red Blood Cells - Carries Oxygen White Blood Cells - Fight Disease Platelets - Clotting Plasma - Water What are three types of steroid patterns? Cycling - Start, Stop, Start Stacking - Combining different types Pyramiding - Start small, Go big, Decrease back down What is an occupational injury? Any wound or damage to the body that results from an event at work What are the three types of exercise, and provide an example for each. Isometric - Pushing palms together Isotonic - Free weights Isokinetic - Lifting with a machine What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercise? Aerobic - With Oxygen Anaerobic - Without Oxygen What is the diaphragm? Dome-shaped muscle that lies below the lungs. Hiccups are a result of this muscle being irritated. What are the four layers of bone? Outer Membrane Compact Bone Spongy Bone Bone Marrow List the structures of the respiratory system. Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Lungs, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli List the five functions of the skeletal system. Movement, Support, Protection, Produce Material, Storage What purpose does a tendon serve? Attaches muscle to bone What is the difference between a concussion and a coma? •Concussion— Brain tissue makes contact with the skull –Lose consciousness, vomit, feel drowsy or confused. •Coma—Severe brain injury from trauma, disease, or drugs –Prolonged period of deep unconsciousness What makes up the peripheral nervous system? Sensory and Motor Divisions What causes a stroke? What causes a heart attack? Stroke - Blood flow is not getting to the brain Heart Attack - Blood flow is not getting to the heart What is hypertension? What is an average blood pressure? Consistently high blood pressure 120/80 What is systolic and diastolic blood pressure and what does each represent? Systolic - A measure of the maximum force or pressure developed in the arteries when the heart contracts Diastolic - A measure of the lowest pressure, which occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation. How are steroids taken? Injected, Orally, or Creams What are some of the effects of steroids? •Acne •Breast development in men, decrease in women. •Irritability and aggression (ROID RAGE) •Liver cancer •Heart attacks •Elevated cholesterol levels •Adolescent use may cause a premature stop in lengthening bones (Stunted growth) •Mood swings (extremes) •Cancer What is asthma? severe allergic reaction characterized by the constriction of bronchioles What is the routine you should follow when you exercise/workout? Warm Up Stretch Activity/Workout Cool Down Stretch What are capillaries? Smallest type of blood vessel Where oxygenated blood is delivered to cells What are the 5 components of health related fitness? Muscular Strength Muscular Endurance Flexibility Cardiorespiratory Endurance Body Composition What is the FITT principle? F - Frequency I - Intensity T- Time T - Type What should a person do if they are injured? R - Rest I - Ice C - Compression E - Elevation Be able to list the route of blood throughout the body. Right Atrium → Right Ventricle → Pulmonary Artery → Lungs → Pulmonary Veins → Left Atrium → Left Ventricle → Aorta → Extremities → Right Atrium
