Download The Human Body Plan

The Human Body
Plan```````````````````
How to Build and Maintain Your Own
I. Organizational Hierarchy
A. cell –
basic unit of
structure
and
function
I. Organizational Hierarchy
B. tissue – group
of similar cells
that perform the
same basic
function.
I. Organizational Hierarchy
• C. organ –
tissues that
work together
to carry out a
specific
function.
I. Organizational Hierarchy
D. organ system –
group of organs
that work together
to achieve a
common goal.
I. Organizational Hierarchy
E. organism –
sum of all organ
systems
II. Body Tissues
Four Types:
1. Muscle
2. Nervous
3. Epithelial
4. Connective
II. Body Tissues
A. Muscle
1. responsible for
movement
2. cells contract
3. 3 types
a. cardiac
b. skeletal
c. smooth
II. Body Tissues
B. Nervous
1. receive and
transmit
messages via
electrical
impulses
2. specialized
cells – neurons
II. Body Tissues
C. Epithelial
1. layers of
cells covering
all internal and
external body
surfaces
2. form
protective
barriers
D. Connective
1. all other tissues
a. bone
b. cartilage
II. Body Tissues
II. Body Tissues - Connective
c. Tendon –
connects muscle
to bone
d. Ligament –
connects bone to
bone
II. Body Tissues - Connective
d. fat
II. Body Tissues - Connective
e. blood
f. lymph
II. Body Tissues – Connective
2. embedded in
intercellular
substance called
matrix, can be:
a. solid
b. semisolid
c. liquid
III. Organs
• Organs are 2 or
more tissues
working together
on the same task.
• Ex. Heart
IV. Organ Systems – REDMENCRIIS
1. Respiratory – gas exchange
2. Excretory – removal of metabolic wastes
3. Digestive – intake and absorption of nutrients
4. Muscular - movement
5. Endocrine – communication via chemical messages (hormones)
6. Nervous – communication via electrical impulses
7. Circulatory – distribution of nutrients and wastes
8. Reproductive – self-explanatory
9. Immune – protection against infection/disease
10. Integumentary – physical barrier, regulation of body temperature
11. Skeletal – support, protection of internal organs
V. Body
Cavities
• protect organs,
allow them to
expand &
contract with
support.
1. Cranial –
encases brain
2. Spinal –
surrounds spinal
cord
4. Thoracic –
contains heart,
lungs, esophagus,
trachea, bronchii
5. Abdominal
a. contains organs
of digestive,
reproductive, &
excretory systems
b. separated from
thoracic cavity by
diaphragm (3), a
wall of muscle.
IV. Body Cavities