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1 AP Psychology – VII. Cognition (8-10%) Chapters 7 and 8 Name: Date: Period: NOTE to STUDENTS: This packet overlaps into the next unit, but represents the content from “VII - Cognition” on the College Board’s outline for the AP Psychology Exam. VII. Cognition, 8–10% A. Memory, p. 208-239 B. Language, p. 262-270 C. Thinking, p. 240-253, 328 D. Problem Solving and Creativity, p. 245-247, p. 252-253 VII. Cognition (8–10%) In this unit students learn how humans convert sensory input into kinds of information. They examine how humans learn, remember, and retrieve information. This part of the course also addresses problem solving, language, and creativity. AP students in psychology should be able to do the following: Compare and contrast various cognitive processes: effortful processing automatic processing deep processing shallow processing focused attention divided attention 2 Identify the following vocabulary. cognition artificial intelligence (AI) thinking concept prototype model problem solving subgoals algorithms heuristics fixation functional fixedness reasoning inductive reasoning deductive reasoning 3 decision making confirmation bias hindsight bias availability heuristic base rate fallacy representativeness heuristic mindfulness open-mindedness creativity divergent thinking convergent thinking intelligence validity reliability standardization 4 mental age (MA) intelligence quotient (IQ) normal distribution culture-fair tests heritability gifted intellectual disability triarchic theory of intelligence language infinite generativity phonology morphology syntax semantics pragmatics 5 cognitive appraisal coping cognitive reappraisal Outline the principles that underlie effective construction of memories. Describe strategies for memory improvement. Explain Atkinson-Shiffrin theory. Identify the following vocabulary. storage sensory memory 6 short-term memory working memory longer-term memory explicit memory episodic memory semantic memory implicit memory procedural memory priming schema script connectionism retrieval serial position effect autobiographical memory 7 flashbulb memory motivated forgetting interference theory proactive interference retroactive interference decay theory tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon retrospective memory prospective memory amnesia anterograde amnesia retrograde amnesia Synthesize how factors converge to facilitate acquisition, development, and use of language. biological 8 cognitive cultural Identify problem-solving strategies as well as factors that influence their effectiveness. List the characteristics of creative thought and creative thinkers. Identify key contributors in cognitive psychology. Noam Chomsky Hermann Ebbinghaus Wolfgang Köhler Elizabeth Loftus George A. Miller.