Download Types of Rock

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Small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living
things
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Sediments includes particles of rock, shell, bones, leaves, stems, and other remains of
living things
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Erosion – Small pieces of broken rocks are carried away from their
source by water or wind.
Deposition – Small pieces of broken rocks are deposited as loosely
packed sediments.
Compaction – Sediments are squeezed together under great
pressure.
Cementation – Sediments are glued together as dissolved minerals
crystallize and then harden.
1.
Clastic Rocks– Forms when rock fragments are squeezed
together under high pressure.
Example - Shale, sandstone, conglomerate and breccia
Breccia is a term most often
used for clastic sedimentary
rocks that are composed of
large angular fragments
(over two millimeters in
diameter).
The spaces between the
large angular fragments can
be filled with a matrix of
smaller particles or a mineral
cement that binds the rock
together.
2. Organic Rocks – Forms from remains of plants and
animals (organisms) deposited in thick layer.
 Examples – Coal (from plants) and limestone (from coral,
oysters and clams)
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Coal is an organic sedimentary
rock that forms from the
accumulation and preservation
of plant materials, usually in a
swamp environment.
Coal is a combustible rock and
along with oil and natural gas it
is one of the three most
important fossil fuels.
Limestone is a sedimentary
rock composed primarily of
calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in
the form of the mineral calcite.
It most commonly forms in
clear, warm, shallow marine
waters.
It is usually an organic
sedimentary rock that forms
from the accumulation of shell,
coral, algal and fecal debris.
3.Chemical Rocks – Forms when minerals crystallize from
a solution.
 Examples – halite (rock salt) and limestone
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Limestone is a sedimentary rock
composed primarily of calcium
carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of
the mineral calcite. It most
commonly forms in clear, warm,
shallow marine waters.
It is usually an organic
sedimentary rock that forms
from the accumulation of shell,
coral, algal and fecal debris.
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Tufa is a form of Limestone Rock
Mono Lake, California
Tufa , a form of
Limestone is a chemical
rock that forms from
solutions containing
dissolved minerals like
halite. The mineral
deposits left when seas
or lakes evaporate.
 The series of processes in which a rock
forms, changes from one type to another,
is destroyed, and forms again by
geological processes.
 The rock cycle is a continuous process.
 The rock cycle has no definite sequence.
can follow many different pathways.
It