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Presentation Details: Slides: 16 Duration: 00:08:38 Filename: C:\Users\jpage\Documents\NCVPS Learning Objects\American History I Civil War Battles Navigation to PPT W\Civil War Battles Powerpoint\Civil War Battles.ppt Presenter Details: Published by Articulate® Presenter www.articulate.com Slide 1 The Civil War Duration: 00:00:13 Advance mode: Auto Slide 2 Fort Sumter Duration: 00:00:32 Advance mode: Auto Slide 3 First Civil War Battle Duration: 00:00:09 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: This presentation will share the major battles of the Civil War, a war which lasted from 1861 to 1865. Notes: The first battle of the Civil War occurred on April 12, 1861, when the first shot was hurled over Fort Sumter, at the entrance to the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. Union troops were forced to leave the Fort immediately, and the United States flag would not be raised again at Fort Sumter until February 18, 1865. The fort was not of military importance, but it was a symbol to both the north and the south. Notes: Here is an image depicting the first shorts fired at Fort Sumter. www.articulate.com Slide 4 The First Battle at Bull Run Duration: 00:01:25 Advance mode: Auto Slide 5 The First Battle at Bull Run Duration: 00:00:07 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: The First Battle at Bull Run was also known by Confederate forces as First Manassas. It was fought in Prince William County, Virginia, near the city of Manassas, and was the first major land battle of the Civil War. It was supposed to be short, and end the war; volunteer soldiers lined up in colorful, clean uniforms waiting for the war to begin, and people actually brought picnic baskets and sat on hillsides as the troops battled. After ten hours of fighting, the Union troops retreated to Washington. 460 of their men were killed, 1124 wounded, and 1312 missing or captured. For the Confederacy, 387 were killed, 1582 wounded, and 13 missing. The Northern public was shocked by the unexpected defeat of their army when an easy victory had been expected. In the South, there was little public celebration as everyone realized that despite their victory, the greater battles that would inevitably come would mean greater losses for their side as well. Both sides quickly came to realize the war would be longer and more brutal than they had imagined. Notes: An image of how the First Battle of Bull Run looked. www.articulate.com Slide 6 The Battle of Shiloh Duration: 00:00:22 Advance mode: Auto Slide 7 The Battle of Shiloh Duration: 00:00:34 Advance mode: Auto Slide 8 The Battle of Antietam Duration: 00:00:31 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: The Battle of Shiloh occurred on April 6 and 7, 1862 in southwestern Tennessee. It was also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing and as the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, causing more than 23,500 men to be killed or missing. Notes: In the Battle of Shiloh, Union Army Major General Ulysses S. Grant moved his troops via the Tennessee River deep into Tennessee and camped there; many of his troops camped at Pittsburgh Landing around a small log church named Shiloh. Confederate forces led by Generals Albert Sidney Johnson and P.G.T. Beauregard launched a surprise attack on Grant, and during the first day the Confederates achieved success. However, on the second day, the Union forces defeated them. Notes: The Battle of Antietam occurred on September 17, 1862 and was also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg because it occurred near Sharpsburg, Maryland. After pursuing Confederate General Robert E. Lee into Maryland, Union Army Major General George B. McClellan launched attacks on Lee’s army, in defense positions behind Antietam Creek. www.articulate.com Slide 9 The Battle of Antietam Duration: 00:00:15 Advance mode: Auto Slide 10 The Emancipation Proclamation Duration: 00:01:12 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: Continuing with the Battle of Antietam, it was the first major battle in the Civil War to take place on Union soil. There were ultimately about 23,000 casualties. Notes: This is a pretty dense slide, so let me go over it with you. On September 22, 1862, just five days after the Battle of Antietam, Abraham Lincoln announced that he would issue a formal emancipation of all slaves in any state of the Confederate States of America that did not return to the Union control by January 1, 1863. None returned. Lincoln signed and issued the order that day – January 1 – and it took effect everywhere except in those locations where the Union had already mostly regained control. The Proclamation did many things, and not all of them were positive. First, it made abolition a central goal of the war. Second, it absolutely outraged white Southerners who already saw the Civil War as a race war. Third, it angered some northern Democrats. Fourth, it energized antislavery forces. Fifth, and this is one that often is not thought of, since it refers to overseas, but the Emancipation Proclamation also weakened forces in Europe that wanted to intervene to help the Confederacy. www.articulate.com Slide 11 The Battle of Gettysburg Duration: 00:00:31 Advance mode: Auto Slide 12 The Battle of Gettysburg Duration: 00:00:21 Advance mode: Auto Slide 13 The Battle of Vicksburg Duration: 00:00:26 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: The next major battle was the Battle of Gettysburg. It began on July 1, 1863 and ended on July 3. Robert E. Lee’s Confederate troops fought against General George Meade’s Union army in and around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Meade’s army won, and this victory ended Lee’s invasion of the North. Yes, Meade lost over 70% of his men, but 4,000 Confederate soldiers were captured. Combined, the total death toll was between 46,000 and 51,000. Notes: The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point in the war! After Gettysburg, Lee’s army conducted no more strategic offensives in 1864 and 1865 his army merely reacted to the initiative of Ulysses S. Grant. Notes: In May and June of 1863, Ulysses S. Grant’s armies converged on Vicksburg, Mississippi, entrapping a Confederate army under Lt. Gen. John Pemberton. On July 4, seeing no other option, Vicksburg surrendered. www.articulate.com Slide 14 The Battle of Vicksburg Duration: 00:00:24 Advance mode: Auto Slide 15 Sherman’s March to the Sea Duration: 00:00:60 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: With the loss of Pemberton’s army and this vital stronghold on the Mississippi, the Confederacy was effectively split in half. Grant’s successes in the West boosted his reputation and ultimately led to his appointment as General-in-Chief of the Union armies. Notes: While Grant commanded the Union armies, General William Tecumseh Sherman led federal forces in the West. On November 15, 1864, in perhaps the boldest act of the war, he led an army of 62,000 men on an overland march to Savannah, Georgia - cutting himself off from his line of supply and sustaining his army on the land. He wrote: “The utter destruction of [Georgia’s] roads, houses and people will cripple their military resources ... I can make Georgia howl!” Encountering little organized opposition, Sherman took Savannah on December 21, 1864, and later turned north for the Carolinas, covering 450 miles in 50 days. The results of this march justified Sherman’s strategic expectations and, together with Grant’s victories in Virginia, destroyed the Confederacy’s ability to carry on in the war. www.articulate.com Slide 16 How Did the War End? Duration: 00:00:37 Advance mode: Auto Published by Articulate® Presenter Notes: With his army surrounded and his men weak and exhausted, Confederate General Robert E. Lee realized he had no choice but to surrender. After a series of notes between him and Union General Ulysses S. Grant, they agreed to meet on April 6, 1865 at the house of Wilmer McLean in the village of Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. The meeting lasted approximately two and a half hours, and at its conclusion, the bloodiest conflict in the nation’s history neared its end. www.articulate.com