Download divergent boundary - Brighten Academy​Middle School

• The upper mantle and the crust together
make up this part of the earth?
• LITHOSPHERE
• Which layer of the Earth’s structure has the
greatest thickness
• MANTLE
• Does the mantle or the core have the hottest
temperatures?
• The core because it is heating the mantle and
causing convection currents.
• Is there more pressure in the mantle or the
core or the crust?
The core has the pressure of the
mantle and crust upon it so it has
more pressure.
• Styrofoam is less dense than water and it
floats on top of water. The crust moves on top
of the mantle so this means…
• The crust is less dense than the mantle.
• A landform built by a _________________ will
have liquid rock flowing out of the mantle.
volcano
• The Mid-Atlantic Ridge was built at a
___________ boundary in the ocean.
Divergent boundary
• The tectonic plates are moved by the
________ _________ of hot material in the
mantle.
• Convection current
• What force can cause large waves to travel
across oceans and flood coastal lands?
• An earthquake can trigger a tsunami.
• How does volcanic ash in the air affect the
amount of sunshine that hits the earth?
The ash blocks out the sunlight and
can cause lower temperatures over
the whole earth.
• The law of superposition states that the oldest
rocks are on the ____________.
• Bottom of other layers of rocks
• Alfred Wegner studied the evidence of
identical fossils and rocks to prove his theory
of : ____________ _______________.
• Continental Drift
• Which layer of the earth is filled with many
different solid minerals?
• The crust
• How do volcanoes change the landscape?
• The allow lava to flow out and cool to form
new rock and new land, sometimes in
mountain ranges.
• If a continental plate crashes into an ocean
plate, which one will go into the subduction
zone?
The oceanic plate is more dense
and so it with be forced
underneath the continental plate.
• Boundary between two plates that are
moving apart.
DIVERGENT BOUNDARY
• PLEASE REVIEW THESE TERMS AND THEIR
ILLUSTRATIONS:
CONVECTION CURRENT
A current in Earth’s mantle that
transfers heat in Earth’s interior and is
the driving force for plate tectonics.
ASTHENOSPHERE
Plastic like layer of
Earth on which the
tectonic plates
float and move
around.
LITHOSPHERE
The rigid layer of Earth
about 100 km thick,
made of the crust and
a part of the upper
mantle.
CONVERGENT BOUNDARY
• Boundary where two plates come
together. They can form mountain
ranges, volcanoes and tranches.
SEAFLOOR SPREADING
• When oceanic
plates separate
and form midocean ridges.
Rising magma
cools and forms
new oceanic crust.
TRANSFORM BOUNDARY
• Formed where
two plates
slide past each
other. They
move in
opposite
directions.
SEISMIC WAVES
• Waves generated
by an earthquake
that travel through
Earth.
MAGNITUDE
• A measure of the energy that is released
from an earthquake.
• Richter magnitude scale
TSUNAMI
• Ocean waves
caused by
earthquakes.
• Seismic sea
waves.
VENT
• An opening
in Earth’s
surface
where
magma is
released.
EPICENTER
• The point on
the Earth’s
surface directly
above the
focus of the
earthquake.
FOCUS
• The point where
the energy release
of the earthquake
first occurs.
• Located about 65
km beneath the
surface of the
Earth.
SEISMOGRAPH
• An instrument that
measures seismic
waves from
earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.
• They register the
waves and record
the time of the wave
arriving at the
station.
PRIMARY WAVES
• Particles in rock stretch and compress as
energy moves through it.
• The first wave that leaves the focus of the
earthquake.
SECONDARY WAVES
• Particles in rock move in a backward, rolling
motion and a side to side, swaying motion.
• Picture a wave moving through a jump rope.