Download Standard 6.2.3 Understand the relationship between religion and

Standard 6.2.3 Understand the relationship between religion and the
social and political order in Mesopotamia and Egypt
Questions
1. What religious jobs did the Pharaoh’s have?
2. Who gave the Pharoh’s their power?
3. Where were priests on the social pyramid of Egypt?
4. Who had more power, Farmers or Artisans?
5. How did people ancient Egyptians know what job they would do?
Answers
1. The pharaohs were believed to be gods. Since they were connected to
the gods they were expected to take care of the people and were
blamed for famines, floods and droughts. Pharaohs were religious
leaders and were expected to participate in religious ceremonies.
When they died, pharaohs went to the afterlife.
2. The pharaohs usually inherited their power from family members,
but it was believed they were picked by the gods.
3. Priests were members of the upper class, right below the pharaohs.
They had a lot of power and influence on Egyptian society and
government.
4. Artisans (craftsmen) had more power than farmers and peasants,
but were not as respected as artists and business people today.
5. Egyptians usually did the same job as their parents and
grandparents or other family members. People did not have many
opportunities to move up in the social pyramid.
Standard 6.2.5 Discuss the main features of Egyptian art and
architecture.
Questions
1) What did the Egyptian pharaohs build to honor themselves and
the gods?
2) Why did Pharaoh Khufu build the Great Pyramid of Giza?
3) Other than pictures of daily life and the gods were included on the
walls of Egyptian tombs and sarcophagi?
4) What was the purpose of building statues of the pharaohs?
5) What can you learn from looking at ancient Egyptian artifacts?
Answers
1) The pharaohs built pyramids, temples and large monuments to
their culture.
2) Khufu built the pyramid to be a grand tomb for himself.
3) The tombs and sarcophagi had prayers for the dead and offerings
for the gods written in hieroglyphs. The hieroglyphs also told
stories of the pharaoh’s life.
4) The pharaohs built statues to show their power. That is why they
were larger than life, were very serious and not very lifelike.
5) You can learn about all areas of ancient Egyptian life. They tell us
about social structure, daily life, government, and religion.
Standard 6.2.6 Describe the role of Egyptian trade in the eastern
Mediterranean and Nile.
QUESTIONS
1) What was Pharaoh Hatshepsut’s greatest contribution to
Egyptian culture and economy?
2) How does trade benefit a civilization?
3) What products did Egypt trade with their neighbors to the south?
4) How did Hatshepsut’s trade expedition get to the kingdom of
Punt?
5) Why was it important to trade with kingdoms outside of Egypt?
Answers
1) Hatshepsut greatly increased the amount of trade Egypt did with
other kingdoms. She led a great expedition to the kingdom of
Punt?
2) Trade helps a civilization get new products they can’t produce on
their own, it spreads new ideas among different people, and it
helps people work together to be allies.
3) Egypt traded grain, linen and papyrus for things like timber,
ivory, ebony.
4) Hatshepsut’s trade expedition traveled south, UP the Nile River.
This means they travel towards the start of the river. Remember:
the Nile River flows from the South to the North.
5) It allowed them to get more products that weren’t natural to their
land. It kept them from being isolated and introduced them to
new ideas in technology (like the wheel), politics and philosophy.
Standard 6.2.7 Understand the significance of Queen Hatshepsut and
Ramses II.
Questions
1) What was Hatshepsut’s and Ramses’ title? When did they rule?
2) What was Hatshepsut known for?
3) What was Ramses II known for?
4) What did Hatshepsut do that Ramses II did not?
5) What did Ramses II do that Hatshepsut did not?
Answers
1) They were both pharaohs. Hatshepsut ruled in the Middle
Kingdom. Ramses II ruled in the New Kingdom.
2) Hatshepsut was most known for expanding trade. She also was
the first female pharaoh, which was considered a great
accomplishment. She also built the temple at Dayr al-Bari.
3) Ramses II was known for being a great military leader and
expanding the kingdom, but he also built great monuments and
signed the first peace treaty.
4) Ramses did not concentrate on trade as much as Hatshepsut did.
5) Ramses expanded the kingdom and signed the first peace treaty.
6.2.9 Students trace the evolution of language and its written forms.
Questions
1) What was the name for the Egyptian writing system?
2) How did the Egyptians advance the technology of writing?
3) How did someone become a scribe in ancient Egypt?
4) Compare and contrast writing in Egypt to writing today.
Answers
1) The Egyptian writing system was called hieroglyphics. There were
more than 700 different hieroglyphs.
2) The Egyptians were the first people to write on something other
than clay or stone. They made a type of “paper” out of papyrus
plants.
3) Only men could become scribes. Usually they were the sons of
scribes. They were sent to scribe school at the age of 5 and studied
for 12 years. They had to spend many hours learning all the
hieroglyphs. They practiced first on wood and stone and broken
pottery. Then when they were good at it, they could write on
papyrus. Scribe school was very strict and they spent all day
practicing.
4) In Egypt, only the sons of scribes could learn to write. In our
society, all children go to school to learn to write. In Egypt,
writing was used for keeping records, but not to communicate
with others. Now, writing is used for communication in addition
to keeping records. In Egypt, writing was done with reeds, ink,
tablets and papyrus. Today, we use pens, pencils, papers,
computers and cell phones.
6.2.1 Students locate and describe the major river systems and discuss
the physical settings that supported permanent settlement and early
civilizations.
Questions
1) What river allowed Egyptian civilization to thrive?
2) How could the deserts be helpful to Egyptian civilization?
3) Why were rivers necessary for the survival of ancient
civilizations?
Answers
1) The Nile River.
2) Deserts provided protection to the Egyptian cities. Enemies
and invaders did not want to cross the deserts because they
were very hot, very big and there was no water in them. The
river provided them with water for survival. The flat lands
around the river provided plenty of land for farming.
3) Rivers provide fresh water for drinking, contain fish for food,
provide water for irrigating crops, allow people to bathe and
stay clean to prevent disease, and allow people to travel faster
by boat.