Download The Respiratory System

WARMUP: APRIL 20
1. Take the three ½ sheets from the warmup
table.
 2. Update your table of contents and head your
pages for today:

Page 10: Respiratory System Notes
 Page 11: Respiratory Diagram/wkst.
 Page 12: Skeletal and Muscular System Crossword

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Chapter 2, Section 2.1
RESPIRATORY VIDEO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NUxvJS-_0k
YOUR BODY NEEDS OXYGEN!
The body can store food, but it is unable to store a
lot of oxygen.
 Respiratory system functions:

to get oxygen from the environment
 remove carbon dioxide and other waste


The continuous process of moving and using
oxygen involves mechanical movement and
chemical reactions.
Air is transported into your lungs by mechanical
movements.
 Oxygen is used during chemical reactions that
release energy in your cells.

EXCHANGING OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE
Most living things must have oxygen to survive.
 Oxygen (along with other gases) enters your body
when you inhale.
 Oxygen is transported to cells throughout the body.
 The air you breathe contains only about 20%
oxygen and less than 1% CO2.
 It is important to exhale CO2 because high levels
of it will damage and destroy cells.
 Proper levels of CO2 and oxygen are required for
our body to maintain homeostasis. If levels of
oxygen or CO2 change, your brain signals the body
to breathe faster or slower.

CELLULAR RESPIRATION
Cellular respiration occurs in your cells as they use
oxygen in chemical reactions to release energy.
 The respiratory system works with the circulatory
system and digestive system to make cellular
respiration possible.
 CR requires glucose (from food) and oxygen (from
breathing) to release energy. CO2 is a waste product
of the process and must be removed.
 Remember:
glucose + oxygen  carbon dioxide + water + energy

RESPIRATORY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Nose, Throat and Trachea





When you inhale, air enters your body through your
nose or mouth.
Inside your nose, tiny hairs called cilia filter dirt and
other particles out of the air.
Mucus, a sticky liquid in your nasal cavity, also filters
the air by trapping particles like dirt and pollen as air
passes by.
The nasal cavity warms the air slightly before it moves
down your windpipe or trachea. The trachea is
surrounded by rings of cartilage to keep the tube open.
The epiglottis keeps air, food, and liquids from
entering your stomach.
RESPIRATORY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Lungs





The lungs are two large organs located on either side of the
heart.
When you breathe, air enters the throat, passes through
the trachea, and moves to the lungs through structures
called bronchial tubes.
The bronchial tubes which carry air into each lung) branch
throughout the lungs into smaller and smaller tubes.
At the end of the smallest tubes, air enters tiny air sacs
called alveoli. The walls of alveoli are only 1 cell thick (this
is thinner than a piece of paper).
Oxygen passes from the inside of the alveoli into the blood
and CO2 waste is passed from the blood to the alveoli.
RESPIRATORY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Ribs and Diaphragm






The rib cage encloses a space inside your body called the
thoracic cavity.
Some ribs are connected by cartilage to the breastbone or
to each other, making the rib cage flexible. This allows
the rib cage to expand when you breathe and make room
for the lungs to expand and fill with air.
The diaphragm is a large muscle that stretches across the
floor of the thoracic cavity.
When you inhale, your diaphragm contracts and pulls
downward, making the lungs expand.
Air rushes into the lungs and inhalation is complete.
When the diaphragm and other muscles relax, the process
reverses and you exhale.
OTHER FUNCTIONS OF RESPIRATION

Speech and Other Respiratory Movements
Air moving through your vocal cords allows you to
produce sound
 The muscles in your throat, mouth, cheeks and lips
allow you to form that sound into words.
 The larynx, or voice box, is a 2 inch tube shaped
organ the size your thumb located at the top of your
trachea.

The vocal chords are folds of tissue located in the larynx.
 When you speak, air causes vocal chords to vibrate and
produce sound.

OTHER FUNCTIONS OF RESPIRATION

Speech and Other Respiratory Movements







Expressing Emotion
Coughing/sneezing
Crying
Sighing
Yawning
Laughing
Hiccups- sudden inhalations that make your
diaphragm contract.
 When the diaphragm contracts, the air passageway
between the vocal cords closes, creating the sound
of a hiccup.
 Hiccups can be caused by eating too fast, stress,
and sudden temperature change.
OTHER FUNCTIONS OF RESPIRATION

Water Removal
Most respiratory movements including hiccups,
yawning, coughs, breathing and speaking involve
releasing water from your body to the environment.
 Water is lost through sweat, urine, and exhalations
of air.
 When it’s cold enough outside, you can see your
breath because the water vapor you exhale condenses
into larger droplets when it moves from your warm
body to the cold air.

RESPIRATORY CLASSWORK
1. Complete the respiratory diagram and
worksheet as a class.
 2. Complete the Skeletal and Muscular
SystemCrossword by yourself. If you do not
getfinished,we will go over it tomorrow.
