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METABOLISM RNSG 1533 Health Care Concepts II Concept – METABOLISM Concept Definition The processes of biochemical reactions occurring in the body’s cells that are necessary to produce energy, repair, and facilitate the growth of cells, and maintain life. Exemplars Diabetes Type 1/Diabetes Type 2 Gestational Diabetes Graves’ Disease – Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Addison’s Disease – Hypo-Cortisolism (chronic adrenal insufficiency) Cushing’s – Hyper-Cortisolism Objectives 1. 2. 3. Explain the correlation between the above exemplars (Diabetes, Graves’ Disease, Hypothyroidism, Addison’s Disease and Cushing’s Disease) to the concept of Metabolism. Identify conditions that place an individual at risk for imbalance leading to a compromised metabolic regulation resulting in Diabetes, Graves’ Disease, Hypothyroidism, Addison’s Disease and Cushing’s Disease. Apply the nursing process with collaborative interventions for individuals experiencing a metabolic imbalance (Diabetes, Graves’ Disease, Hypothyroidism, Addison’s Disease and Cushing’s Disease) and to promote normal metabolic regulation. Assignments Prior to class: 1. Review concept analysis diagram. 2. Review definitions of interrelated concepts on concept analysis diagram. 3. Review anatomy and physiology of the endocrine system. 4. Required Assigned reading: *Page numbers, assignments, and other lecture information will be posted on blackboard. Giddens, J.F. (2017). Concepts for nursing practice. (2nd ed.). St. Louis. MO: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 14: Hormonal Regulation Chapter 15: Glucose Regulation Chapter 16: Nutrition Chapter 21: Reproduction Chapter 31: Stress Lewis, S.L., Heitkemper, M.M., Dirksen, S.R., O’Brien, P.G., & Bucher, L. (2014). Medical surgical nursing (9th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier. Chapter 17: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid/Base Imbalances Chapter 39: Nursing Assessment: Gastrointestinal System Chapter 48: Nursing Assessment: Endocrine System Burchum, J. and Rosenthal, L. (2016). Lehne’s pharmacology for nursing care (9th ed.). Elsevier, St. Louis. Chapter 57: Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus Chapter 58: Drugs Thyroid disorders Chapter 59: Drugs for Hypothalamic and Pituitary Disorders Chapter 60: Drugs for Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex McKinney, E., et al . (2013). Maternal child nursing (4th ed.). Elsevier, St. Louis. Chapter 26: pages 607-616 61 METABOLISM Concept content outline: Concept: Metabolism Exemplars: Diabetes Type 1 Diabetes Type 2 Gestational Diabetes Graves ’ disease – Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Addison’s disease – Hypo-Cortisolism (chronic adrenal insufficiency) Cushing’s – Hyper-Cortisolism Risk Factors: ** Abnormal growth and development Impaired immune response Hormonal imbalance Age Dysfunction of the organs/glands that participate in the endocrine system Lifestyle Genetics Clinical Findings: ** Physiological Psychological Positive Outcomes: ** Physiological Psychological Negative Outcomes: ** Physiological Psychological Assessment: ** Comprehensive history Physical assessment Cultural, behavioral, social assessment Diagnostic tests Clinical Management: ** Nursing interventions Collaborative interventions Pharmacological therapy Non Pharmacological therapy Education **Applies to each exemplar Reviewed 11/2016 62