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The Birth of Christianity During the first century AD, a new religion started in Rome. It was called Christianity. The followers of Christianity were called Christians. Christians believed in one god /monotheism/. They refused to worship the Roman gods. In ancient Rome that was against the law. Christians were hunted as criminals. Life After Death: Christianity promised life after death in heaven. In the Roman religion, only gods went to heaven. Emperors were considered gods. Everyone else went to the underworld. Equality: Christianity promised equality. You could join Christianity and be equally a Christian. Equality UK: ɪkwɔlɪtiː egyenlőség Life and death of Jesus This history of Christianity is focused on the life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the son of God. resurrection UK: rezərekʃn feltámadás Background to the life and death of Jesus Christ Matthew and Luke told the story of Jesus' birth in the New Testament of the Bible. Background to the life and death of Jesus Christ The traditional story of Jesus tells of his birth in a stable in Bethlehem in the Holy Land, to a young virgin called Mary who was the mother of Jesus. Christians believes Jesus is a Messiah, The SAVIOUR / Megváltó/ sent to Earth by God. Stable UK: steɪbl istálló Jesus' ministry After the story of his birth, little is known about Jesus until he began his ministry at the age of about 30. He then spent three years teaching, healing and working miracles. He taught in parables - everyday stories which had divine messages for those who would hear it. He had twelve disciples whom he called to follow him and help him in his work. Ministry UK: mɪnɪstriː Healing UK: hiːlɪŋ Disciple Parable Divine UK: pærəbl Lelkészi szolgálat, hit tanítása gyógyítás tanítvány példabeszéd UK: dɪvaɪn isteni UK: dɪsaɪpl Persecution and death Jesus claimed that he spoke with the authority of God. This claim angered the religious Jewish authorities and they handed Jesus over to the Roman authorities as a revolutionary. He was tried for heresy /eretnekség/, condemned and put to death by means of crucifixion. Persecution UK: pəːsɪkjuːʃn Claim UK: kleɪm Revolutionary Try UK: revəluːʃŋəriː UK: traɪ Condemn UK: kəndem crucifixion UK: kruːsɪfɪkʃn üldözés 1. állít 2. követel forradalmár 1. kipróbál 2. bíróság elé állít 1. elítél, 2. megbélyegez keresztrefeszítés Resurrection On the Sunday following his execution, some of his women followers discovered that HIS tomb was empty. Jesus then appeared to them, alive. His followers realised that God had raised Jesus from the dead. Execution UK: eksɪkjuːʃn Resurrection UK: rezərekʃn kivégzés feltámadás Paul and the early church Paul's conversion to Christianity is in the New Testament book, the Acts of the Apostles. /Apostolok cselekedetei/ Before his conversion Paul was Saul and violently opposed to the Christian faith. Saul experienced a dramatic conversion, known as the Damascus Road conversion, when he was temporarily blinded. He found himself filled with the Holy Spirit / Szentlélek/ and immediately began preaching the Christian gospel. Conversion Oppose áttérés UK: kənvəːʃn ellenez UK: əpoʊz Preach UK: priːtʃ prédikál Gospel UK: gɔspl evangélium Roman Empire Paul established Christian churches throughout the Roman Empire, including Europe, and beyond - even into Africa. Persecution However, in all cases, the church remained small and was persecuted, particularly under tyrannical Roman emperors like Nero (54-68), Domitian (81-96), under whom being a Christian was an illegal act, and Diocletian (284-305). Many Christian believers died for their faith and became martyrs for the church. Constantine turns the tide Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire during the rule of Constantine in 313 BC. When Rome fell in 476, it meant that Western and Eastern Christians were no longer under the same political rule and differences in belief and practice arose between them. The Great Schism / A nagy szakadás/ The differences between Eastern and Western Christianity was called the Great Schism, in 1054, when the patriarchs of the Eastern and Western division (of Constantinople and Rome respectively) were unable to resolve their differences. The split led to the Orthodox church and the Roman Catholic church. The Orthodox church does not recognise the authority of the Roman papacy and claims a Christian heritage in direct descent from the Christian church of Christ's believers.