Download SELECT count(*) FROM customer

OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge® SQL
via ODBC or JDBC
Brian Werne
Sr. Engineering Manager
OpenEdge SQL and
OpenEdge Management
Agenda:
Goal: Make you successful with SQL applications!
 OpenEdge SQL component overview and
your initial connection
 Setup and maintenance of the OpenEdge
database for control and performance
 Specifics of the OpenEdge with the SQL
based tools and applications
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge is Open
ABL:
(ABL works with
relational DBs)
.NET
Java
HTML
Open Clients:
Java™
.NET™
Web services
Open Clients
(Non-OpenEdge)
SSL
HTTP
HTTP/S
HTML
Oracle®
MSSQL
ODBC
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OpenEdge
SQL
(works with
OpenEdge RDBMS)
OpenEdge
ABL Clients
OpenEdge
ABL Server
OpenEdge
DataServers
Crystal Reports
WebSphere®
JBOSS / JRun
Java / JDBC apps
J2EE™ / JTA
.NET / ODBC apps
ADO.NET / VB
ODBC
Clients
Service
Interfaces
JDBC
Clients
OpenEdge
SQL Server
OpenEdge
RDBMS
Data is fully interoperable: ABL & SQL
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Getting Connected – Client side:
ODBC and JDBC drivers
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
JDBC driver
Type 4 JDBC driver (10.1a+)
 CLASSPATH ( run ‘sql_env’)
$DLC/java: openedge.jar, util.jar, base.jar
 Class loader
com.ddtek.jdbc.openedge.OpenEdgeDriver
 URL
jdbc:datadirect:openedge://localhost:6748;databaseName=db1
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
ODBC DSN – single connection
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
ODBC DSN Advanced Tab
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Isolation Level Affect on Lock Type
Update
Isolation
Level
Table
Lock
Record
Lock
Table
Lock
Record
Lock
---
---
NoLock
NoLock
IX
Exclusive
IS
Share
Repeatable
Read
IX
Exclusive
IS
Share
Serializable
SIX
Exclusive
Share
None
Read
Uncommitted
Read
Committed
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Fetch
OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
ODBC : Multi-DataBase configuration
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Connection – server side
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Default server settings
SQL
Servers
SQL client
Shared Memory
SQL client
SQL & ABL
Broker
Database
ABL client
ABL client
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
ABL
Servers
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
“Recommended” server setup
SQL client
SQL only
Broker
SQL
Servers
Shared Memory
SQL client
ABL client
ABL client
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ABL only
Broker
OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
Database
ABL
Servers
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Recommended parameters example
Separating ABL and SQL brokers/servers … examples
 Example: Start a ABL Primary broker
proserve Sports2000 -S 6000 -H localhost
-n 45 -Mn 8 -Mpb 4 -ServerType 4GL
-Mi 1 -Ma 5 -minport 6100 -maxport 6300
 Example: Start a Secondary SQL broker
proserve Sports2000 -S 5000 -H localhost
-m3 –Mpb 3 -ServerType SQL –Mi 5 –Ma 5
-minport 5100 -maxport 5300
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Security
Authentication
Who am I?
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
Authorization
What am I
allowed to do?
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Security Considerations
ID and passwords
Database authentication
• SQL
– Always requires a user ID and password to
establish a connection
• ABL
– Does not specifically require a user ID and
password to establish a connection
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
SQL Authentication (Who am I?)
ID and passwords scenarios
 Case 1: Users have not been created
(no rows in _User table)
• Password validation is not enabled
• No check is performed at connection time
• No error message at connection time
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
SQL Authentication (Who am I?)
ID and passwords scenarios…cont’d
 Case 2: Users exist in the OpenEdge RDBMS
(rows exist in _User table)
•
•
•
•
Password Validation is enabled
Check is performed at connection time
Valid users defined by a DBA
Error message if login is incorrect / invalid:
– “Access Denied (8933)”
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Comparing ABL & SQL Security Systems
ABL
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SQL
Security model
GRANT
GRANT
Default DBA
n/a
<db-owner>
SYSPROGRESS
Default security
administrator
“*”
n/a
Default table access
“*”
<none>
Default field access
“*”
<none>
OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Encountering errors
Access denied (Authorization failed) (7512)
 Possible reason for this:
• No authorization privileges
• Schema scope
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Authorization – What can I do?
 SQL follows GRANT security model
By default, a connected userid is not allowed
to do anything.
Exceptions:
- the DBA account (full operations)
- the TABLE owner
 DBA controls operation privileges
with GRANT / REVOKE syntax
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Authorization – What can I do?
Privileges – Syntax: GRANT
(2 types)
 Database wide (system admin or general creation)
GRANT { DBA, RESOURCE }
TO user_name [, user_name ] , …;
 For specified Tables or Views
GRANT { privilege [, privilege ], … | ALL }
ON table_name
TO { user_name [, user_name ] , … | PUBLIC }
[ WITH GRANT OPTION ];
– Where ‘privilege’ is:
{ SELECT | INSERT | DELETE | INDEX |
UPDATE [ ( column , column , ... ) ] |
REFERENCES [ ( column , column , ... ) ] }
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Encountering errors
Table/View/Synonym not found (7519)
 Possible reasons for this:
• Not authorized
• Schema scope
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
What is a Schema?
Mysports
database
PUB schema
Customer table
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
AuxCat
Database
PUB
bwerne
Inventory
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Schemas
 What is a default Schema?
• A user has by default a schema attached to their ID
SET SCHEMA { 'string_literal'}
 OpenEdge ABL uses one schema – ‘PUB’
SET SCHEMA ‘pub’
 Another option: Synonyms:
CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM customer FOR
pub.customer;
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Schema example
SELECT count(*) FROM customer;
Table/View/Synonym not found (7519)
 Solutions:
SELECT count(*) FROM pub.customer;
or
SET SCHEMA ‘pub’;
SELECT count(*) FROM customer;
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
4 Part Naming – Multi-Database Query
Fully Qualified Names
 Four level naming convention
catalog.schema.table.column-name
 Example
SELECT Pub.Customer.CustNum,
SportsPrimary.Pub.Customer.Name,
SportsAux1.Pub.Order.OrderNum …
 ABL has 3 level naming convention
catalog.table.column-name
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge Specifics
SQL is a standard,
but each vendor has it’s own dialect
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge Specifics - Quoting
Non-SQLStandard names
 Hyphenated names:
SELECT cust-num FROM PUB.Customer;
Column CUST cannot be found (13865)
 Solution: quoting
SELECT “cust-num” FROM PUB.Customer;
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Overstuffed fields - error
 ABL allows more data than column definition
SELECT abc from PUB.Ranking;
Column abc in table PUB.Ranking has value
exceeding it’s max length.
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge Specifics - Overstuffed fields
Strategies for managing:
 Dbtool : percentage option ($DLC/bin/dbtool)
1. SQL Width & Date Scan w/Report Option
2. SQL Width Scan w/Fix Option
Choice: 2
<connect>:
(0=single-user 1=selfservice >1=#threads)? 3
Padding % above current max: 25
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<table>:
(Table number or all)? all
<area>:
(Area number or all)? all
OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge Specifics - Overstuffed fields
Strategies for managing
 ABL client startup parameter -checkwidth
<progress-client>.exe –checkwidth n
where "n" can be one of the
following:
0 — Ignore _width value.
Default.
1 — Store the data and generate a
warning.
2 — Do not store data and generate
an error.
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge Specifics – Arrays / Extents
 Selecting array columns as a whole
SELECT quarterlySales from PUB.MySales;
Result: semi-colon separated varchar value
102332.67;330002.77;443434.55;333376.50
 Selecting array column individually – SQL99
SELECT quarterlySales[1] from PUB.MySales;
Result: numeric value
102332.67
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
OpenEdge Specifics – Arrays / Extents
Strategies:
 Using views to break out array elements
CREATE VIEW PUB.QuarterSales AS SELECT
quarterlySales[1], quarterlySales[2],
quarterlySales[3], quarterlySales[4] FROM
PUB.MySales;
SELECT * FROM PUB.QuarterSales;
Result: numeric values
102332.67 330002.77 443434.55 333376.50
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Query Performance
 Q: What’s it gonna cost to run
my query?
TIME =
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
What is the cost?
Database without statistics
ABC Corp DB
Customers
Distributors
Parts
Suppliers
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
Orders
OrderLines
SalesHist
Employees
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Basic Performance - What is the cost?
Database with Update Statistics
ABC Corp DB
Customers
SalesHist
OrderLines
Distributors
Orders
Parts
Employees
Suppliers
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Query Performance: Update Statistics
UPDATE STATISTICS syntax
 All Statistics: Table Cardinality, indexes and all
columns
UPDATE TABLE STATISTICS AND INDEX
STATISTICS AND [ALL] COLUMN STATISTICS;
 Statistics - particular table
UPDATE TABLE STATISTICS AND INDEX
STATISTICS AND [ALL] COLUMN STATISTICS
FOR pub.customer;
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Query trees : Defined
 relational algebraic tree representation
(query tree / execution tree )
Result set
Data
Database access
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Basic Performance – Query Plans
Viewing query plan constructed by cost-based optimizer
 Query Plans Located in VST _SQL_QPLAN
SELECT SUBSTRING("_Description",1,80)
FROM pub."_Sql_Qplan“
WHERE "_Pnumber" =
(SELECT MAX( "_Pnumber" )
FROM pub."_Sql_Qplan"
WHERE "_Ptype" > 0 );
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Query plan – what to look for
 Simple single table select
• “select … from pub.customer where
custnum between 1000 and 1100
[NoExecute]”
table
index
index keys,
predicates
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SELECT COMMAND.
PROJECT [66] (
|
PROJECT [64] (
|
|
PUB.CUSTOMER. [0](
|
|
|
INDEX SCAN OF (
|
|
|
|
CustNum,
|
|
|
|
|
(PUB.CUSTOMER.CustNum)
between (1000,1100))
OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
In Summary
 Initial SQL connection
 Setup and maintenance in
OpenEdge database for
security and performance
 Specifics of OpenEdge with
SQL applications
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
For More Information, go to…
 PSDN
• Developing Performance-Oriented ODBC/JDBC OpenEdge
Applications
• OpenEdge SQL: Authorization Explained
• OpenEdge SQL in a 10.1B Multi-Database Environment
• OpenEdge® Database Run-time Security Revealed
 OpenEdge Technical Support - KBases
• Basic Guide to Defining Progress SQL Database Permissions &
Security
 Progress eLearning Community
• Using OpenEdge SQL
 Documentation
• 10.1C OpenEdge Data Management: SQL Development
• 10.1C OpenEdge Data Management: SQL Reference
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Relevant Exchange Sessions
 OPS-27: Understanding Record and Table
Locking In OpenEdge SQL
 OPS-10: Moving V8/V9 RDBMS to OpenEdge 10
 OPS-15: What was Happening with My Database,
AppServer, Operating System
 OPS-18: Data Management and Platforms Roadmap
 OPS-24: Success with OpenEdge Replication
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
?
Questions
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
Thank You
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation
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OPS-6: Beginners Guide to OpenEdge SQL via ODBC or JDBC
© 2008 Progress Software Corporation