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ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH EXPERTISE And FACILITIES BY Dr. Lonnie Sharpe, Interim Dean Dr. Mohan J. Malkani, Associate Dean for Graduate Studies Dr. Hinton Jones, Interim Associate Dean for Undergraduate Programs (615) 963-5400, [email protected] ENGINEERING ENGINEERINGRESEARCH RESEARCHINSTITUTE INSTITUTE(ERI) (ERI) Research ResearchCenters Centersand andLaboratories Laboratories ● Center for Battlefield Sensor Fusion – ARO (2004) ● Center for Environmental Engineering -- DOE (1996) ● Center for Neural Engineering -- ONR (1992) ● Digital Signal/ Image Processing Laboratory -- Air Force (1991) ● Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory -- NASA (1993) ● Design Methodologies Laboratory -- NASA (1993) ● Intelligent Manufacturing Laboratory -- SME,ONR (1994) ● Intelligent Health Monitoring Laboratory -- PSU/MURI-DURIP (1998) ● Computer and Information Systems Laboratory -- DOD/HP (1996,99) ● Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) Test-bed --- AFRL (2006-2008) ERI MISSION ERI ERI Conducts Conducts Research Research in “Cutting-Edge Technology” Technology” Areas Some ERI sample strengths are: Artificial Intelligence/NN/FL/GA Database Design&Data Mining Parallel&Distributed Computing Modeling, Simulation & Analysis Speaker Recognition Signal/ Image Processing Intelligent Control Systems Intelligent Health Monitoring Robotics and Automation Intelligent Manufacturing Human-Machine Interfaces Sensors and Machine Vision CAD/CAM/CAE Tools Wireless Communication Automatic Target Recognition Cyber Security Environmental Remediation Probabilistic Design Methodologies SMALL BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR) PROGRAM NASA 1994 PHASE I (PROPOSALS SELECTED FOR FUNDING OF STTR PHASE I CONTRACTS) SMALL SCALE ROBOTICS ● MID-SOUTHE ENGINEERING, INC. TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY Spherical Motor and Neural Controller for Micro Precision Robot Wrist ● ROBOTICS RESEARCH CORPORATION JET PROPULSION LABORATORY Next Generation Controller for Redundant Robots ● TRANSITIONS RESEARCH CORPORATION UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Combined Distance and Orientation Sensor (CODOS) ● AMHERST SYSTEMS, INC. STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO Foveal Sensor and Image Processor Prototype ● AEROMOVER SYSTEMS CORPORATION ● ENDOROBOTICS CORPORATION THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNIV OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY Differentiated Universal End Effector Milli-Robots for Surgical Teleoperation ● VISUAL INSPECTION TECHNOLOGIES, INC., SRI INTERNATIONAL Mobile Magnetic Robots for Inspection of Steel Structures Center for Neural Engineering - Funded by ONR 1992 - 2004 AFRL Health Monitoring Of NASP Hypersonic Structures 1991-1995 VA DOE Localization Of Ventricular Arrhythmogenic Foci Chaos Control In A Fluidized Bed 1996-1999 Lockheed Martin Predictive Maintenance 1995-Present 1994-1996 CALTECH Intelligent fault diagnosis tools 1996-1998 1996-1999 1998-2003 Virtual Tandem Vehicles- Mobility Controller For Mobile Robots Signal / Noise Separation & Blind Deconvolution 1994 1997-1998 1994-1995 NASA/JPL Visual Telerobotic Task Planning Of Cooperative Robots Using Soft Computing 1998-2000 2003-2005 Applied Research Lab - Penn. State University CBM of bearing and data acquisition Integrated predictive diagnosis for helicopter gear box 1997-1998 1997-1998 Physics- based modeling of bearing 1998-1999 NASA Robust Integrated Neurocontroller For Complex Dynamic Systems 1992-Present NSF ARMY TACOM Towards Telepresence Using Mobile Robots STTR In Robotics Nn Classification For Digital Communication Biologically Motivated NN (PCNN) & Mobile Robots 2000-2003 NSA NASA ONR Embodiment of Intelligent Behaviors on Mobile Robots Helicopter Control using NN, FL, GA NASA Intelligent ControlWind Power Analysis NASA ARC ONR 1995-Present NSF DOE 1993-1996 NASA Boeing Intelligent Aircraft Controller 1995-1996 Boeing Air To Air Campaign Thunder Model Using Genetic Algorithms 1998-1999 Measure of effectiveness & performance for AI based monitoring systems Simulation based design using PDM, FEA & SM 1998-1999 1999-2000 April 2005 Design Methodology Laboratory • Umbilical Retract Mechanism • Design of a Cockpit Crew Station • Base Drive Unit for a Reconfigurable Tooling Device • Genetic Algorithm Methodology for Battlefield Allocation Conceptualize, Design and Fabricate a Prototype D5 Umbilical Retract Mechanism (Navy) Design of a Hardware and Software of a Base Drive Unit for a Reconfigurable Tooling Device (Boeing) Genetic Algorithm Methodology for Battlefield Allocation Best Allocation Allocation Input File Population of Allocation Genetic Algorithm THUNDER War Results Genetic Algorithm Methodology for Battlefield Allocation (Boeing) Design of Anthropometric Accommodations in Crew Station Cockpit (Boeing) Intelligent Manufacturing Research Laboratory TSU Machinery Condition Monitoring Laboratory State-of-the-art Experimental Test beds for Machinery Condition Monitoring. State-of-the-art Data Acquisition Systems with Supporting Software & Hardware for Active and Passive Machinery Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis. Tennessee State University CONDITION BASED MAINTENANCE Signal Processing Data Acquisition 40 40 0.2 0 0.05 0.1 -0.2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Time (seconds) 10 0 15 20 15 25 0.6 0.7 20 0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.4 -0.15 -0.5 0 -0.2 -0.6 0 0 -0.1 -0.05 -0.1 -0.4 20 10 0.1 Filtered Signal 0.1 0.3 0.2 Filtered Signal 60 60 0.2 0.4 Filtered Signal 80 80 Acceleration waveform at Left Bearing Vertical(No Load) 0.3 0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0 -0.5 0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Time (seconds) 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Time (seconds) 0.2 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Time (seconds) 0.7 0.8 0.8 Critical System Components 60 Features Extraction Feature Vector Set Selection for Fault Diagnosis 50 40 30 20 Neural-Network Selection for Fault Diagnosis 10 0 Novelty Faults Banks of Neural Networks Fault Pattern Recognition Fault Pattern Classification) Diagnostics & Prognostics Rule-Based Fault Reasoning Diagnostic Data Fusion Causality Reasoning Intelligent Manufacturing Research Laboratory TSU Integrated Manufacturing Laboratory Established Since 1996 Funded by: Office of Naval Research Society of Manufacturing Engineering TSU College of Engineering Project Sponsors: Office of Naval Research SME Industry Tennessee State University Intelligent Manufacturing Research Laboratory Tennessee State University TSU ROBOTIC-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING LABORATORY Robotic Machine Vision System for Inspection and Quality Control of Manufactured Products. Robotic Assembly System For Intelligent Manipulation and Assembly of Manufacturing Parts. Sensor-Based Automated Guided Vehicle For Intelligent Navigation Within Manufacturing Environment. Tennessee State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) Lab (Dr. Saleh Zein-Sabatto, [email protected]) Students, Infrastructure and Space Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 3500 John A. Merritt Blvd Nashville, TN 37309 Tele: (615) 963-5369 Fax: (615) 963-2165 email: [email protected] Tennessee State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) Lab (Dr. Saleh Zein-Sabatto, [email protected]) Intelligent Control Systems Research Work “Control and Coordination of Multiple Unmanned Areal Vehicles (UAVs)” Testing & Simulation Design & Modeling Hardware Prototyping Tennessee State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) Lab (Dr. Saleh Zein-Sabatto, [email protected]) Intelligent Mobile Robotics Research Work Funded by Office of Naval Research (ONR) “Development of Robots Intelligent Behaviors and MultiRobots Coordination” Multiple Robots Coordination Robots Intelligent Behaviors Students Robotics Design & Competitions Penn State - DARPA - MURI Project Autonomous Surveillance Perspectives Speech Recognition by Mobile Robots TSU will develop mapping that will be used by consortium partners Soldiers Recognize Commands and act TSU TSURobotics Robotics Lab Lab Kinematic and Dynamic Module Communication Protocols Scheduling and Synchronization Schemes Man-Machine Interface Static/Dynamic Parameters Neural-Network Terrain Learning Module Physical Environment Wireless Communication Module Signal/Image Processing Schemes Sensory Info Acquisition & Fusion Integrated Mobility Supervisory Controller Distributed FMCell Simulation Environment Fuzzy-Logic Motion Controller Module Behavior-based Cooperative Tactical Strategies Algorithmic Supportive Tools Three small mobile robots communicate and follow the commander Genetic-Algorithm Tactical Formation Module Behavior-based Navigation Module World Perception Modeling Module Diagnostic and Conflicts Handling Module ROBOTIC COMMUNICATION The Evolution of Cyber-Security at TSU Spring Summer Design of a Firewall for a Wireless Network 2004 2005 2006 Fall The Design of a Network Security Procedure to Secure a Manufacturing Process Design of a Manufacturing Facility with Network Operations Which Produces Row Carts: Computer Network Investigation of Detection and Prevention Methods for War Driving The Design of an Adaptive Architecture for Aircraft Communications The Implementation of TCP/IP to Develop a New Protocol for Wireless Networks to Aid In Intrusion Detection and Location Tracking of Nodes Development of a Security Model for Detecting Malicious Hosts in Mobile Agent Technology in a Mobile Data Access System (MAMDAS) Design of an Indoor Wireless User Localization and Tracking System Wireless Security Authentication Methods and Promiscuity Detection CURRENT RESEARCH Localization and Tracking in Aircraft Ground Control Utilizing Radio Frequency Identifiers (RFIDs) Localization and Tracking of a Client Process in a given Static Indoor Wireless Environment Wireless Authentication, Localization and Tracking in a Known Wireless Network Utilizing Radio Frequency Identifiers (RFIDs) COMPUTER & INFORMATION SYSTEMS(CISE) LAB LAYOUT Efficient Video Streaming Over Wireless Networks Dr. Liang Hong (PI) (Funded by NSF, 2006 - 2007) • Objective • Methodology Hybrid approach dynamically combines unequal error protection (UEP) coding scheme and automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol. • UEP explores scalability of MPEG-4 and selectively augments its bit stream with error-correction bits to minimize the loss of key symbols while tolerating errors in visually less sensitive details. • Delay-aware ARQ provides a safety net for burst errors and maintain the strict delay constraint. 10th frame Original Proposed No Video Frame protection Algorithm Develop an error control scheme for efficient video streaming over the third generation mobile networks. • Simulation Results 55th frame Sensors Technology Thrust Research-AFRL (2006-2008) • • • • • • • • • Automatic Target Recognition- TSU (Lead) Electro-Optics - University of Dayton (Lead) Radio Frequency- Louisiana State Univ. (Lead) ATR Consortium Member Universities: Louisiana Tech University Michigan State University Prairie View A & M University North Carolina A &T State University Chaminade University of Hawaii ● C1, C2, C3: ● C1, C2, C3: CCC1390 CCC1390c c4-H6 4-H6 ● ● C1●C ● C ● 5●C 1C ● 4●C ● C7 5 C 4 ● C3 ●C 6●C C72 UAV fly ●C ●C 6 area UAV fly area 3 2 ●C7: ●C7: thermal camera thermal camera GPS GPS Antenna Antenna PTZ PTZ camera UAV camera UAV Controller Controller Gyro, Gyro, Magnetomet er,Magnetomet er, Acceleromet erAcceleromet er Moving Target Detection Subsystem Architecture Real-Time Algorithms for Smart Airborne Video Surveillance Tennessee State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) Lab (Dr. Saleh Zein-Sabatto, [email protected]) Image Registration Research Work Funded by Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) “Real-time Registration of Video Images Captured by Cameras Mounted on Multiple of UAVs” Real-time Image Registration Process Available UAV Data Collection from a Real UAV Students Active Participations in Research ATR Test-Bed (ATRTB) Electric Helicopter and 7 Cameras Surveillance System Student Research Participations UAV at TSU Campus Camera Surveillance System at TSU ●C1 ●C5 ●C4 ●C2 ●C7 ●C3 Participations Faculty ●C6 Energy Efficient Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (Supported by AFRL-- ATR Project, 2007 - 2008) • Objective Develop a test-bed for energy efficient multi-hop wireless multimedia sensor networks to explore design tradeoffs in crosslayer protocols, error control schemes, mesh image/video transmission, etc. Heterogeneous Motes • Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks Test-bed Clients Clients Server Access Point Internet Tier 3 802.11 Gateway Tier 2 Low-resolution camera Tier 1 Robot with high resolution camera Helicopter with high-resolution camera Tier 4 802.15.4/zigbee motes with sensors and low-resolution cameras Research Project for the Minority Leaders Sensors Program (Funded by AFRL, 2007 – 2008) Cross-Layer Design of Cognitive Networks with MIMO Technology Objectives Leverage MIMO technology in a cross-layer fashion involving network architecture, PHY, MAC, and routing protocols to multioptimize networking performance and maximize network life in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) Approach Cross-Layer Design MIMO-aware Hierarchical Network Architecture with link-jumping and head-rotation – enabling efficient routing – inexpensive self-reconfiguration MultiOptimal-MAC Protocol – a CSMA/CA based MAC with a multi-optimizer Efficient Routing Algorithms – short and robust: maximize network throughput and network lifetime Testing and Evaluation – Test Modeling & Test-Bed – Performance Evaluation MIMO Technology Without using extra energy and channel, a MIMO transceiver can be used to • Extend transmission range, or reducing error rate at links by using diversity gain • Increase data rate at links by using multiplexing gain MIMO transceiver T×1 R×1 T×2 R×2 T×M R×M MIMO sensor network diversity gain multiplexing gain Research Project for the Minority Leaders Sensors Program (Funded by AFRL, 2007 – 2008) Cross-Layer Design of Cognitive Networks with MIMO Technology - Continue Test and Simulation A flat MIMO WSN with 800 nodes Performance Evaluation Compare the network throughput, network lifetime and reconfiguration cost for SISO WSNs, 2×2 MIMO WSNs, and 4×4 MIMO WSNs by repeatedly broadcasting packets until the WSNs die (C – cluster-based WSNs, F – flat (unstructured) WSNs) Energy Consumption Network Throughput 50000 45000 Energy (mJ)/ per packet Number of packets per second 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 9.6 2 A cluster-base MIMO WSN with 800 nodes 57.6 0 9.6 19.2 Data Rate (kbps) SISO (C) SISO (F) 57.6 2X2 (C) 2X2 (F) SISO (C) SISO (F) 4X4 (C) 4X4 (F) Time for Network Reconfiguration in Whole Network Lifetime 2X2 (C) 2X2 (F) 4X4 (C) 4X4 (F) Energy for Network Reconfiguration in Whole Network Lifetime 50 70000 45 40 60000 35 Energy (mJ) Time (second) A MIMO WSN with link-jumping and headrotation can live very long: even many nodes (yellow) died, the remaining nodes (red) can still form a connected network; 19.2 Data Rate (kbps) 30 25 20 15 50000 40000 30000 20000 10 10000 5 0 0 9.6 19.2 Data Rate (kbps) SISO (C) SISO (F) 2X2 (C) 2X2 (F) 57.6 4X4 (C) 4X4 (F) 9.6 19.2 57.6 Data Rate (kbps) SISO (C) SISO (F) 2X2 (C) 2X2 (F) 4X4 (C) 4X4 (F) CENTER OF EXCELLENCE FOR BATTLEFIELD SENSOR FUSION (ARO) RESEARCH FOCUS AREAS Systematic sensor data & information fusion Sensors networking in battlefield situations Multiple target identification and tracking Battlefield source allocation and management Networks modeling and simulation Network performance measurements Experimental testing & evaluation of sensor network concepts. ` Tennessee State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) Lab (Dr. Saleh Zein-Sabatto, [email protected]) Wireless Sensor Networks Research Work Funded by Army Research office “Large-scale Sensor Deployment, Localization and Processing” Wireless Sensor Deployments Wireless Sensor Localization Vehicle Identifications & Classifications Research Projects for the Center of Excellence in Battle Field Sensor Fusion (Funded by ARO, 2005 - 2008) Control/Communication Scheme for Mobile Sensor Networks Objectives Requirements A cluster-based Control Architecture and Communication Scheme (CACS) had been developed in the same project for a stationary and low mobility sensor networks in the same project. It needs to be generalized and enriched: • Multi-mobility: nodes can be stationary, or mobile with low or high mobility • Multi-optimality: the scheme should maximize network throughput, network lifetime and ensure QoS Design of Communication Backbone high-mobility nodes high-mobility nodes (1)The Stationary and low-mobility nodes form a cluster-based reconfigurable communication backbone. (2) High-mobility nodes join the nearest cluster as members. Their joining or leaving do not change the backbone; therefore, do not cause significant problems for network reconfiguration. • High-mobility nodes can have two different behaviors: (1) as end-users of receiving services; and (2) as nodes of the sensor network providing data and support fusion. • The joining and leaving of the high-mobility nodes should be time and energy efficient.. head cluster Sensor Network with nodes of high mobility Communication Backbone (black edges) with high mobility nodes (blue) Research Projects for the Center of Excellence in Battle Field Sensor Fusion (Funded by ARO, 2005 - 2008) Real Time Task and Resource Management for large Sensor Networks Objectives Approaches Develop a Task and Resource Management System (TRMS) for optimally allocating resources in real time on a large sensor network. The goal is to achieve both high QoS and long network lifetime. Global TRMS at the base station: • Break down a user task into elemental tasks • Determine the resource and price needed for each elemental task based on the current network status and user requirements. Cluster TRMS at each cluster head: Select member nodes for each elemental task based on the available resource at each node. Node TRMS at each member node: Autonomously adjust the resource at the node for QoS and energy saving. • Decentralize the Task and Sensor Management Approach (developed in PSU) and embed it into the hierarchical Control and Communication Scheme (developed in TSU) for a clusterbased sensor network. • Experimental approaches will be used for integration. Concept Design Global TRMS Future Work Base Station sink backbone ClusterTRMS Node TRMS Cluster Cluster-based Sensor Network • Implement the TRMSs. Global TRMS and Cluster TRMS are centralized systems. Node TRMS is an autonomous system. • Embed the TRMSs into the Control and Communication Scheme (developed in TSU) so that the TRMSs can dynamically allocate the resource based on the current network and resource status. Research Projects for the Center of Excellence in Battle Field Sensor Fusion (Funded by ARO, 2005 - 2008) Data Query & Collection Protocols on Mobile Sensor Networks Objectives Approaches Investigate routing protocols for data query and data collection for a highly dynamic mobile sensor network. • A Depth-First-Order (DFO) routing protocol had been developed in the same project. It is not robust: one node/edge failure may stop the whole routing. • The routing protocol for a mobile sensor network must be robust, and time and energy efficient. Data Query A query request is delivered in a top-down manner on the backbone. When a node receives a request, it relays the request at its pre-assigned timeslot. Data Collection Data are collected in a bottom-up manner on the backbone. When a node receives the data from all children, it adds its own data together and transmits the data to its parent at its preassigned timeslot. data gathering 1 2 3 1 3 2 4 timeslots Testing and Evaluation Accomplishment Rounds to be awake for CFF Rounds to be awake for DFO rounds by CFF Broadcast rounds by DFO Broadcast 600 rounds to be awake 600 number of rounds Collision-Free-Flooding (CFF) protocol: • multi-routing: routes are self-formed and use TDM to avoid collision. • Time-energy efficient: routes are short scheduled on the communication backbone and each node needs to be awake only for a short time. • Robust: even node/link failures happen, data query/collection still continue on other routes. data query timeslots 2 1 2 500 400 300 200 500 400 300 200 100 100 0 0 1 2 3 4 number of nodes Fig. 1 Time (rounds) for a CFF broadcast and DFO broadcast 5 100 1 200 2 300 3 400 4 500 5 number of nodes Fig. 2 Energy (rounds a node awake) for a CFF broadcast and a DFO broadcast Soft Computing Techniques For Robust UXO Classification and Decision Fusion Tyndale Air Force Base (AFRL) PARTNERSHIPS / CONTRACTS TACOM BRC Bevilacqua Research Corporation 2007-2008 ERI Funded Research projects 1. Center for Excellence in Battlefield Sensor Fusion, funded by Army Research Office (ARO) $2,331,255.(2004-2009)-Dr. Shirkhodaie (PI) 2. Multi-Mode UAV Sensor Technologies (Multi-MUST), funded by WPAFB, Air Force Research laboratory (AFRL)$137,000(2006-2007)-Dr. Shirkhodaie (PI) 3. Surface and Partially Buried UXO Identification, discrimination, and Localization Based on Cognitive Imagery Techniques, funded by Tyndall, AFRL $160,000 (20062007)-Dr. Shirkhodaie (PI) 4. Sensors Technology Thrust Research—(Automatic Target Recognition)-AFRL $780,000 (2006-2008)Dr. Mohan Malkani (PI) 5. Neural-Fuzzy Modeling in Model-Based Fault Detection, Isolation, Control Adaptation and Reconfiguration in Turbine Engines—funded by Propulsion Directorate (AFRL)---$ 288,520 (2007-2010)—Dr. Zein-Sabatto (PI) 6. Visual Telerobotic Task Planning of Cooperative Robots based on Soft Computing, funded by NASA/JPL $300,000 (2004-2007)-Dr. Shirkhodaie (PI) 7.Human Systems Integration (Seating Comfort)—Boeing--$750,000( 2007-2010)- Dr. Onyebueke (PI) 8..Cybersecurity-ORNL/BWXT Y-12 ---$538,149 Dr. Decatur B. Rogers (PI) (2207-2010) 9. Intelligent Cognitive inspection System for Manufacturing Process Automated Reasoning and Decision Making—funded by Rolls Royce--$90,000 (200-2007)-Dr. Shirkhodaie (PI) 10. Failure Mode and Criticality Analysis of Maintenance Issue --funded by Aerospace Testing Alliance $50,000—Dr. Devgan (PI) STRONG POINTS OF OUR RESEARCH CAPABILITIES Suite of Digital Signal Processing Tools Advanced Intelligence Tools: Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms Fault Detection and Health Monitoring Intelligent Control System: Aircraft, Helicopter Modeling, Simulation and Analysis Systems Engineering Mobile Robot Navigation Sensor Fusion Data Mining Computer Integrated Manufacturing Integrated Design Methodologies - FEM, SM and PDM Patents and Technology Transfer Information Technologies