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Space Today Script Version 4/29/2017 9:19:00 PM Script Media Space Today Logo Opening Title and Music ----- ----(After music is over, step on foot pedal to zoom in camera and brighten lights.) Good afternoon and welcome. This is Space Today, XXXXX reporting. In our top story, a look back at 25 years of the Hubble Space Telescope. But first… In our last report, we looked at Rosetta. The spacecraft had just arrived at Comet 67P/C-G and mission managers had decided on a landing spot for the lander, Philae (Fee-lay). As you may remember from our previous broadcasts, the Rosetta spacecraft was launched in March 2004. After a 10 year journey, which included gravity assists from Earth and Mars flybys, Rosetta arrived at its destination, Comet 67P on August 6, 2014. Since the initial rendezvous, the flight team has reduced the distance between Rosetta and the comet to just 18.5 miles from the surface. That’s just three times higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airlines. Next came the search for a suitable spot to set down the lander, Philae (Fee-lay). Five regions were identified as potential landing spots but all had difficult terrains. Cliffs, craters, and boulders populated each of the potential landing sites. Using data collected by Rosetta, the best choice was narrowed down to a spot on the smaller end of the comet. On November 12th, 2014 Rosetta deployed Philae (Fee-lay) to the surface. Seven hours later Philae touched down – not once but three times. Philae's anchoring harpoons failed to fire and the lander bounced several times before finally settling down on the comet in the shadow of an ice cliff. Cut off from sunlight for much of the day, the solarpowered lander went into hibernation, but not before completing its initial round of science observations on the comet's surface and sending the information back to Rosetta. Top Story Title Slide Launch Photo Flight Path image August 11 image Rosetta Philae graphic Landing Sites image Landing Site J image Philae Landing image Philae Landing image with Final landing spot callout Close up of Philae P 1 of 4 p2 of 4 Script Project scientists are currently debating whether to have Rosetta preform a close fly-by of where Philae is believed to sit. But Rosetta is limited on fuel, so this could mean sacrificing other mission goals. As for Rosetta, the spacecraft will continue to accompany the comet as it approaches perihelion (per-uh-hee-lee-uhn). Perihelion is when the comet will be closest to the sun. This will take place on August 13, 2015. Along the way, it will measure plasma, dust and gas that is expected to increase as the comet gets closer to the Sun. We will continue to provide updates on the Rosetta mission in future broadcasts as more information becomes available. Media Rosetta Selfie And now, for our top storyThis year marks the 25th anniversary of the Hubble Space Telescope. After a very rocky start, it is hard to imagine that 25 years later, the Hubble Space Telescope is still going and going stronger than ever. Do you remember where you were on April 24th, 1990? That is the day the Hubble Space Telescope was launched on the first Shuttle mission after the Challenger disaster. Soon after Hubble’s launch, it was discovered that Hubble’s mirror was flawed and not producing clear, sharp imagery and NASA had a real problem on its hands. Despite this flaw, it was clear that Hubble could do things that no ground based telescope could do, like imaging Pluto and its moon Charon (Sharr-on). Or, Tracking rare storms in the atmosphere of Saturn, And viewing an incredible jet emanating from a Supermassive Black Hole in the center of the galaxy M87. However, it wasn’t until Hubble’s first servicing mission in 1993, to correct the optics that Hubble began to take its place as arguably the greatest telescope of all time. The mission was a tremendous success and the new Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 began to provide the kind of imagery that the telescope was capable of - the images we now know and love. One of the fascinating things that the Hubble studied was global dust storms on Mars. Dr. Steve Lee, Space Science Curator at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science was one of the scientists who used the Hubble to study Mars. We have an exclusive interview with Dr. Lee now. HST Title Slide Anniversary image Comet 67P/C-G outgassing image Launch or Repair image Newsweek cover or cartoons Pluto Charon image 1990 Saturn 1991 image BH jet 1992 1st Servicing Mission image 1993 Galaxy M100 before & after Mars 2001 image Dr. Steve Lee Title Slide p3 of 4 Script When did you first use the Hubble Space Telescope and how do you go about using the Hubble Space Telescope? Media Ask the Expert Video What did you learn about Mars that you couldn’t learn using ground-based telescope? What is your favorite memory of Hubble? Thank you Dr. Lee. (pause for Dr. Lee’s response) Through the years, the Hubble has undergone several more servicing missions to improve its capabilities and repair crucial systems. After the Shuttle Columbia tragedy, accident repair missions were stopped and Hubble found itself ailing and in much need of repair. There was a lot of debate and public outcry, and thus a new servicing mission was approved. It was by far the most ambitious repair mission ever attempted, and in 2009 it was completed flawlessly. The newly installed Wide Field Camera 3 produced even more stunning images like this planetary nebula called the Butterfly Nebula. The mission was a huge success! Hubble Repair mission 2009 Butterfly nebula 2009 In celebration of the 25th year anniversary, the Hubble revisited a part of sky that had been imaged in 1995. This star forming region in the Eagle Nebula was dubbed the “Pillars of Creation”. Here is the image that was released this year showing just how much Hubble’s abilities had improved after its 2009 serving mission. In addition, Hubble’s new camera can also see in the infrared spectrum, revealing a very different and extraordinary picture of the Eagle nebula. The Hubble Space Telescope has taken many iconic images in its 25 year history. It is still going strong and scientists are confident that it will make it to its 30th anniversary and maybe even its 35th. Pillars of Creation 1995 In our final story today, the New Horizon Spacecraft that was launched in 2006 has now awoken from its final hibernation and will fly-by Pluto this July. New Horizon’s Title Slide Pillars 2015 Eagle nebula 2015 Iconic images collage p4 of 4 Script New Horizons is the fastest spacecraft ever launched. It left Earth at an impressive 36,000 miles per hours. It reached the orbit of the moon just nine hours after it was launched, which is ten times faster than the Apollo missions. During its nine year and 3 billion mile journey since launch, it has gone through several periods of hibernation. During one of the periods between hibernations, New Horizons flew past Jupiter and captured several images. This is the the first spacecraft to fly-by Jupiter since the Galileo probe finished its mission in 2003. New Horizon’s mission is to study the geology and atmosphere of Pluto and its largest moon, Charon (Sharron) as well as to map both of their surfaces. To do this, scientists will utilize the seven instruments aboard the spacecraft, which include multiple imagers and spectrometers. At its closest approach, New Horizons will fly just 6,000 miles above Pluto’s surface. If you flew over New York City at the same altitude, you could count the ponds in Central Park. During this encounter New Horizons will produce images that are one-thousand times higher resolution than the images of Pluto taken by the Hubble Space Telescope. This will help scientists answer questions such as: Is Pluto’s surface old or young? Are there liquids on the surface? Are there geysers or mountains on Pluto? New Horizons will also obtain unprecedented images of Pluto’s smaller moons: Nix, Kerberos (kur-ber-uh s), Styx, and Hydra. We anxiously look forward to New Horizon’s arrival at Pluto this coming summer and we will continue to update you on this exciting mission as it develops. That is our final story for the day. Thank you for joining us for this edition of Space Today. Until next time, this is xxxxx, signing off. Media Launch video Animation New Horizon’s Spacecraft and Instruments Image HST image Artist’s conception New Horizon, Pluto, and Charon Artist’s conception of New Horizon at Pluto Space Today Slide Credits