Download 1. The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height

Review Final PES 2130 Fall 2014
Multiple Choice:
Chapter 14
1. The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height. Rank them according to the
pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1, 2, 3, 4
3, 4, 2, 1
4, 3, 2, 1
2, 3, 4, 1
All pressures are the same
2. Two identical blocks of ice float in water as shown. Then:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
block A displaces a greater volume of water since the pressure acts on a smaller bottom area
block B displaces a greater volume of water since the pressure is less on its bottom
the two blocks displace equal volumes of water since they have the same weight
block A displaces a greater volume of water since its submerged end is lower in the water
Block B displaces a greater volume of water since its submerged end has a greater area
Chapter 16
3. A sinusoidal wave is traveling toward the right as shown. Which letter correctly labels the
amplitude of the wave?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A
B
C
D
E
4. Here are the equations for the three waves traveling on separate strings. Rank them according
to the maxium transverse speed, least to greatest.
wave 1: y(x,t) = (2.0 mm) sin [(4.0 m–1)x – (3.0 s–1)t]
wave 2: y(x,t) = (1.0 mm) sin [(8.0 m–1)x – (4.0 s–1)t]
wave 3: y(x,t) = (1.0 mm) sin [(4.0 m–1)x – (8.0 s–1)t]
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 2
2, 1, 3
2, 3, 1
3, 1, 2
5. In the diagram below, the interval PQ represents:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
wavelength/2
wavelength
2  amplitude
period/2
period
Chapter 17
6. An organ pipe with one end open and the other closed is operating at one of its resonant
frequencies. The open and closed ends are respectively:
A) pressure node, pressure node
B) pressure node, displacement node
C) displacement antinode, pressure node
D) displacement node, displacement node
E) pressure antinode, pressure antinode
7. Organ pipe Y (open at both ends) is twice as long as organ pipe X (open at one end) as
shown. The ratio of their fundamental frequencies fX::fY is:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1:1
1:2
2:1
1:4
4:1
8. The diagram shows four situations in which a source of sound S and a detector D are either
moving or stationary. The arrows indicate the directions of motion. The speeds are all the same.
Detector 3 is stationary. Rank the situations according to the frequency of the source, lowest to
highest.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1, 2, 3, 4
4, 3, 2, 1
1, 3, 4, 2
2, 1, 2, 3
None of the above
Chapter 18
9. If two objects are in thermal equilibrium with each other
A) they cannot be moving
B) they cannot be undergoing an elastic collision
C) they cannot have different pressures
D) they cannot be at different temperatures
E) they cannot be falling in the Earth's gravitational field
10. Thin strips of iron and zinc are riveted together to form a bimetallic strip which bends when
heated. The iron is on the inside of the bend because:
A) it has a higher coefficient of linear expansion
B) it has a lower coefficient of linear expansion
C) it has a higher specific heat
D) it has a lower specific heat
E) it conducts heat better
11. Pressure vs. volume graphs for a certain gas undergoing five different cyclic processes are
shown below. During which cycle does the gas do the greatest positive work?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
I
II
III
IV
V
12. Inside a room at a uniform comfortable temperature, metallic objects generally feel cooler to
the touch than wooden objects do. This is because:
A) a given mass of wood contains more heat than the same mass of metal
B) metal conducts heat better than wood
C) heat tends to flow from metal to wood
D) the equilibrium temperature of metal in the room is lower than that of wood
E) the human body, being organic, resembles wood more closely than it resembles metal
Chapter 19
13. The force on the walls of a vessel of a contained gas is due to:
A) repulsive force between gas molecules
B) slight loss in average speed of a gas molecule after collision with wall
C) change in momentum of a gas molecule due to collision with wall
D) elastic collisions between gas molecules
E) inelastic collisions between gas molecules
14. The temperature of a gas is most closely related to:
A) the kinetic energy of translation of its molecules
B) its total molecular kinetic energy
C) the sizes of its molecules
D) the potential energy of its molecules
E) the total energy of its molecules
15. Both the pressure and volume of an ideal gas of diatomic molecules are doubled. The ratio
of the new internal energy to the old both measured relative to the internal energy at 0 K is:
A) 1/4
B) 1/2
C) 1
D) 2
E) 4
Chapter 20
16. Which of the following is NOT a state variable?
A) Work
B) Internal energy
C) Entropy
D) Temperature
E) Pressure
17. A heat engine:
A) converts heat input to an equivalent amount of work
B) converts work to an equivalent amount of heat
C) takes heat in, does work, and loses energy heat
D) uses positive work done on the system to transfer heat from a low temperature reservoir to a
high temperature reservoir
E) uses positive work done on the system to transfer heat from a high temperature reservoir to a
low temperature reservoir
18. Consider the following processes: The temperature of two identical gases are increased from
the same initial temperature to the same final temperature. Reversible processes are used. For gas
A the process is carried out at constant volume while for gas B it is carried out at constant
pressure. The change in entropy:
A) is the same for A and B
B) is greater for A
C) is greater for B
D) is greater for A only if the initial temperature is low
E) is greater for A only if the initial temperature is high
Chapter 33
19. The electric field for a plane electromagnetic wave traveling in the +y direction is shown.
Consider a point where E is in the +z direction. The B field is:
A) in the +x direction and in phase with the E field
B) in the –x direction and in phase with the E field
C) in the +x direction and 1/4 wave out of phase with the E field
D) in the +z direction and in phase with the E field
E) in the +z direction and 1/4 wave out of phase with the E field
20. For an electromagnetic wave the direction of the vector E  B gives:
A) the direction of the electric field
B) the direction of the magnetic field
C) the direction of wave propagation (or direction wave is transporting energy)
D) the direction of the electromagnetic force on a proton
E) the direction of the emf induced by the wave
21. The diagrams show four pairs of polarizing sheets, with the polarizing directions indicated
by dashed lines. The two sheets of each pair are placed one behind the other and the front sheet
is illuminated by unpolarized light. The incident intensity is the same for all pairs of sheets.
Rank the pairs according to the intensity of transmitted light, least to greatest.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
1, 2, 3, 4
4, 2, 1, 3
2, 4, 3, 1
2, 4, 1, 3
3, 1, 4, 2
Chapter 34
22. When you stand in front of a plane mirror, your image is:
A) real, erect, and smaller than you
B) real, erect, and the same size as you
C) virtual, erect, and smaller than you
D) virtual, erect, and the same size as you
E) real, inverted, and the same size as you
23. The figure shows a concave mirror with a small object located at the point marked 6. If the
image is also at this point, then the center of curvature of the mirror is at the point marked:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
3
4
6
9
12
24. Where must an object be placed in front of a converging lens in order to obtain a virtual
image?
A) At the focal point
B) At twice the focal length
C) Greater than the focal length
D) Between the focal point and the lens
E) Between the focal length and twice the focal length
25. A hollow lens is made of thin glass as shown. It can be filled with air, water (n = 1.3) or CS2
(n = 1.6). The lens will diverge a beam of parallel light if it is filled with:
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
air and immersed in air
air and immersed in water
water and immersed in CS2
CS2 and immersed in water
CS2 and immersed in CS2
Chapter 35
26. A "wave front" is a surface of constant:
A) phase
B) frequency
C) wavelength
D) amplitude
E) speed
27. Interference of light is evidence that:
A) the speed of light is very large
B) light is a transverse wave
C) light is electromagnetic in character
D) light is a wave phenomenon
E) light does not obey conservation of energy
28. In a Young's double-slit experiment the center of a bright fringe occurs wherever waves
from the slits differ in phase by a multiple of:
A) /4
B) /2
C) 
D) 3/4
E) 2
29. In a Young's experiment, it is essential that the two beams:
A) have exactly equal intensity
B) be exactly parallel
C) travel equal distances
D) come originally from the same source
E) be composed of a broad band of frequencies
Chapter 36
30. No fringes are seen in a single-slit diffraction pattern if:
A) the screen is far away
B) the wavelength is less than the slit width
C) the wavelength is greater than the slit width
D) the wavelength is less than the distance to the screen
E) the distance to the screen is greater than the slit width
31. A light spectrum is formed on a screen using a diffraction grating. The entire apparatus
(source, grating and screen) is now immersed in a liquid of index 1.33. As a result, the pattern on
the screen:
A) remains the same
B) spreads out
C) crowds together
D) becomes reversed, with the previously blue end becoming red
E) disappears because the index isn't an integer
Practice written problems
1) A cylinder with a frictionless, movable piston contains a quantity of helium gas. Initially the
gas is at a pressure of 1.00 x 105 Pa, has a temperature of 300 K, and occupies a volume of 1.50
L. The gas then undergoes two processes. In the first, the gas is heated and the piston is allowed
to move to keep the temperature equal to 300 K. This continues until the pressure reaches
2.50 x 104. In the second process, the gas is compressed at constant pressure until it returns to its
original volume of 1.50 L. Assume that the gas may be treated as ideal.
a) Find the volume of the gas at the end of the first process.
b) Find the pressure of the gas at the end of the second process.
c) Find the temperature of the gas at the end of the second process.
d) Find the total work done by the gas in the first process.
e) Find the total work done by the gas in the second process.
2) What is the change in entropy of 5.8 moles of ideal monatomic gas that reversibly undergoes
the isothermal expansion shown in the figure? The ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/(mol K)