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Unit#3 Animal Invertebrate Notes Part 3 Phylum Mollusca What is a mollusk? Soft-bodied animals with ________________ or _______________ shell Snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopi Least advanced of the __________________________ Bilateral symmetry Mollusks Body Plan All mollusks have a basic body paln consisting of three parts: o _____________: contains sense organs o __________________: Internal organs o _____________: for movement Crawling Burrowing Capturing Prey (tentacles) 3 Class of Mollusca 1. Gastropods: (Snail, slug): Use a muscular _____________ to crawl Mantle often secretes a single __________________ Herbivores 2. Bivalves (Oyster, clam, scallop): Secrete a two-part shell with hinge 3. Cephalopods: (octopus, squid): Modified mantle cavity to create jet propulsion for rapid movement Foot is divided into ________________ or _________________ Complex sense organs that respond to external stimuli Distinguish shapes by _____________ and texture by _____________ Respiration Mollusks breathe using ____________ inside their mantle cavity Open vs. Closed Circulation Open Circulation: system in which blood is not always contained within _______________________ (veins, arteries, capillaries) Closed Circulation: A system in which blood is contained within blood vessels Mollusks possess an ___________ circulatory system Unit#3 Animal Invertebrate Notes Part 3 Response The nervous system responds to ___________________________________ o Two-shelled mollusks have a simple nervous system o Octopi have a higher developed nervous system to remember things for long periods of time Reproduction: Have __________________ reproduction o Internal and External Fertilization o Some mollusks are hermaphrodites Ecology of Mollusks Feed of plants Prey on ____________________ Filter algae out of the water Eat detritus Phylum Annelids “ Segmented Worms” Bristle Worms, Earthworms What is an Annelid? Worms with ________________________ bodies Have a true coelom _________________________ o Derived from Mesoderm Tissue Segments are separated by a __________________ Feeding, Circulation, Respiration Herbivores, Carnivores and filter feeders ______________ Circulatory System Breathe through gills o Takes in oxygen and gives off carbon dioxide through their moist skin Response, Movement, Reproduction: Well-developed nervous system o Brain and several nerve cords Hydrostatic Skeleton: two groups of body muscles o Longitudinal muscles that contract Sexual Reproduction o _____________________ o Others are hermaphrodites Unit#3 Animal Invertebrate Notes Part 3 Groups of Annelids Oligochaetes: Earthworms o Sandworms, bloodworms Ecology of Annelids Decompose matter Earthworm castings are rich in phosphorus, potassium Phylum Arthropoda “Jointed Feet” Ex. Insects, Spiders, Ticks, Crabs and Centipedes What is an Arthropod? __________________ body Tough Exoskeleton o Made from protein ______________ (carbohydrate) Jointed Appendages o Much variation among the arthropods Appendages have increased or decreased in size over time __________________ symmetry Eucoleomates ____________________ development Highly specialized appendages o Feeding o Movement Respiration Breath through a network of branching _____________________ that extend throughout the body Arthropods have a _____________ circulatory system Terrestrial arthropods have __________________ fertilization Growth and Development When they outgrow their exoskeletons arthropods undergo periods of _________________ o Molting: sheds its entire exoskeleton o Arthropod is vulnerable to predators while its shell is soft Unit#3 Animal Invertebrate Notes Part 3 Three Major Groups of Arthropods Crustaceans: o Crabs, shrimps, lobsters, crayfishes, and barnacles Spiders o Insects o Centipedes, millipedes, and insects ____________________: have jaws, one pair of antennae, and unbranched appendages What is an Insect? Have a body divided into three parts: o Compound eyes (color and movement) Chemical receptors (taste and smell) Well-developed ears o o Exoskeleton Jointed appendages o __________________: process of changing shape and form Complete Incomplete Insects and Humans Cons: o Termites destroy wood structures o Locusts o Infect humans with microorganisms that cause disease Pros: o o Produce silk, wax and honey o Food delicacy Insect Communication ____________: Crickets communicate to find mates _____________: Firefly produce light in the abdomen to find a potential mate o Used distinct series of flashes to signal for mate Females signal back for males to fly to them Unit#3 Animal Invertebrate Notes Part 3 __________________: Pheromones used as a chemical messengers to affect the behavior or development of other species Phylum Echinoderms (Sea Star, brittle star, feather start, sea cucumber, sea urchin) Water Vascular System: used for respiration, circulation and movement o No __________________ (blood) o No __________________ (lungs or gills) o No _________________ (waste management) _____________________ hardened plates of calcium carbonate ______________________: blastopore develops into an anus Eucoelomates No cephalization (no brain or head) _______________________ (adults) Reproduction Both Asexual and Sexual Sexual o Reproduce by ____________________ fertilization Asexual o Can regrow if the piece of the animal contains the _________________________.