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ECOLOGY VOCABULARY REVIEW:
Write your response on a separate sheet of paper in COMPLETE GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT
SENTENCES.
Read the passage below. Then answer the questions that follow.
The place where a particular population of a species lives is its habitat. The many different species that live together
in a habitat are called a community. An ecosystem, or ecological system, consists of a community and all the
physical aspects of its habitat, such as the soil, water, and weather. The physical aspects of a habitat are called
abiotic factors, and the living organisms in a habitat are called biotic factors. The number of species living within an
ecosystem is a measure of its biodiversity. Succession is the process of the replacement of one kind of community
by another at a single place over a period of time.
SKILL: READING EFFECTIVELY
In the space provided, write the term or phrase from the passage above that best matches the description.
Some terms or phrases may be used more than once.
__biotic factors___________________ 1. all living organisms in a habitat
__biodiversity___________________ 2. number of species living within an ecosystem
__succession___________________ 3. change in a community’s characteristics over time
__community______________ 4. deer, squirrels, and rabbits living together in a forest form this
__ecosystem___________________ 5. a system consisting of the habitat and communities
__abiotic factor___________________ 6. soil, water, and weather are examples of these
__habitat___________________ 7. place where a population lives
__community___________ 8. all species of freshwater fish that live together in a lake form this
__ecosystem___________________ 9. consists of a community and abiotic factors
In the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches each term.
_m___ 1. population
_d___ 2. carrying capacity
_n___ 3. predation
_e___ 4. coevolution
_i___ 5. parasitism
_f___ 6. symbiosis
_b___ 7. mutualism
_l___ 8. commensalism
_h___ 9. niche
_c___ 10. fundamental niche
_k___ 11. realized niche
_j___ 12. Competitive exclusion
_a___ 13. keystone species
_g___ 14. succession
a. critical species in an ecosystem that affects the survival of a
number of other species
b. a relationship in which both participating species benefit
c. the entire range of conditions an organism is potentially able to
occupy
d. the largest population that an environment can support at any
given time
e. back-and-forth evolutionary adjustments between interacting
members of an ecosystem
f. two or more species living together in a close, long-term
relationship
g. the process of an evolving ecosystem,
h. the unique position occupied by a species in an ecosystem
i. one organism feeds on and usually lives on or in another larger
organism
j. the elimination of a competing species
k. the part of its fundamental niche that a species occupies
l. a relationship in which one species benefits and the other is
neither harmed nor helped
m. a group of organisms of the same species that live together in one
place at the same time
n. the act of one organism killing another organism for food
Look at and review Notes Outlines and HWs. You may need an additional piece of paper for answers.
Ecosystems:
1. What 2 things determine the climate of a biome? PRECIPIATION AND TEMPERATURE
2. What are all the levels of organization in an ecosystem, starting with the most simple to the most complex?
INDIVIDUALPOPULATIONCOMMUNITYECOSYSTEMBIOMEBIOSPHERE
3. List the five species in a generic sequence of primary succession:
shrubs, pioneer species, exposed rock, forest, grasses
 EXPOSED ROCKPIONEER SPECIESGRASSESSHRUBSFOREST
4. What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? SECONDARY SUCCESSION HAPPENS
AFTER A PRIMARY ECOSYSTEM HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED
5. List the four options in increasing amounts of biodiversity:
jungle, desert, savannah, open ocean  OPEN OCEANDESERT/SAVANNAHJUNGLE
Populations
1. What is the difference between a population and a community? COMMUNITIES ARE MADE UP OF MANY
POPULATIONS, WHICH ARE MADE UP OF ONLY ONE SPECIES
2. list one density dependent factor of population growth. FOOD, SHELTER, WATER, MATES, COMPETITORS
3. List one density independent factor. NATURAL DISASTERS, WEATHER
4. List one biotic factor FOOD, MATES, COMPETITORS
5. List on abiotic factor WATER, WEATHER
According to the pic on the right, (using the letters above the pics)
a
6. Which is rapidly growing? a
b
c
7. Which is sustained? b
8. Which is shrinking? c
9. What shape is an exponential growth curve? = J
10. Logistic growth? EXPONENTIAL GROWTH THAT FINDS ITS CARRYING CAPACITY (STABILITY)
11. Review Population Growth Models!
Relationships
1. Who benefits? Who is harmed?
Fill in the chart; X’s for benefits, O for harmed. Leave blank if not affected. You WILL have to fill out a similar
chart on your test based upon studied relationships. Make sure you review the relationships studied in class.
Relationship
Predator (A) Prey (B)
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
Species A
X
X
X
X
Species B
O
O
X
2. What is the role of a keystone species? (usually a predator) HOLDS A DISPROPORTIONATE ROLE WITHIN
A COMMUNITY/ECOSYSTEM. IF REMOVED/KILLED OFF/DRIVEN TO EXTINCTION WOULD HAVE
A TREMENDOUSLY BAD IMPACT ON THE ECOSYSTEM
Niches: As far as niches are concerned relating to the picture…
3. What is pictured in A? FUNDAMENTAL
4. What is pictured in B? FUNDAMANTAL
5. In C, what type of niche are C. stellatus & B. balanoides forced into? INTO THEIR REALIZED NICHES
6. Why? (locate and label the area of competition in C). COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION, B. balanoides IS A
BETTER COMPETITOR IN THE DEEPER WATER.