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Timeline Assignment – Interwar Period and WWII
Using research, your text and knowledge from class, match the definitions from below
with the events of the timeline. This will allow you to review the concepts that have been
discussed thus far and put them in chronological order. Each correct match is worth one
mark. Please make sure that you write the letter and the event underneath the
description of the event.
Timeline
A.
June 28, 1919 – Treaty of Versailles signed
B.
1919-1920 – League of Nations established
C.
November 9, 1923 – Beer Hall Putsch
D.
January 1923 – French occupation of the Ruhr
E.
1924 – Dawes Plan
F.
1925 – Locarno Pact
G.
1925 – Italy became a fascist state
H.
1926 – Germany admitted to the League of Nations
I.
1928 – Kellogg-Briand Pact
J.
1929 – Young Plan
K.
October 1929 – Stock Market crash in the USA
L.
1931 – Japan invaded Manchuria
M.
1931 – Hoover moratorium on reparations
N.
January 30, 1933 – Hitler came to power (appointed Chancellor)
O.
March 23, 1933 – Enabling Act
P.
March 1933 – Dachau concentration camp opened
Q.
June 30, 1934 – Night of the Long Knives
R.
1934 – Germany left the League of Nations
S.
1935 – Nuremburg Decrees
T.
March 1935 – Remilitarization of Germany
U.
October 1935 – Italy invaded Ethiopia
V.
1936 – Germany reoccupied the Rhineland
W.
June 1936 – Spanish Civil War erupted
X.
October 1936 – Rome-Berlin Axis
Y.
November 1936 – Anti-Comintern Pact between Germany and Japan
Z.
March 1938 – Anschluss
AA.
September 1938 – Munich Pact
BB.
September 1938 – Germany annexes Sudetenland
CC.
November 1938 – Kristallnacht
DD.
March 1939 – Germany occupied remainder of Czechoslovakia
EE.
August 23, 1939 – Nazi-Soviet Non-Agression Pact
FF.
September 1, 1939 – Germany invaded Poland
GG.
September 3, 1939 – Britain and France declared war
HH.
September 17, 1939 – Soviet Union invaded Poland
II.
October 1939 – May 1940 – Phony War
JJ.
May 10, 1940 – German invasion of France
KK.
June 10, 1940 – Battle of Britain began
LL.
June 14, 1940 – Paris fell to the Germans
MM. June 22, 1940 – France surrenders
NN.
June 22, 1941 – Germany invades USSR
OO.
December 7, 1941 – Japanese bombed Pearl Harbour
PP.
1941-1943 – Battle of the Atlantic
QQ.
August 1941 – Atlantic Charter
RR.
June 1942 – Battle of Midway
SS.
September 1942 – Battle of Stalingrad began
TT.
October 1942 – Battle of El Alamein
UU.
November 28, 1943 – Teheran Conference
VV.
June 6, 1944 – D-day
WW. February 1945 – Yalta Conference
XX.
April 30, 1945 – Hitler committed suicide
YY.
May 8, 1945 – V-E Day – European War won by the Allies
ZZ.
July 1945 – Potsdam Conference
AAA. August 6, 1945 – Hiroshima destroyed by an atomic bomb
BBB. August 9, 1945 – Nagasaki destroyed by an atomic bomb
CCC. September 2, 1945 – Japan surrendered
1. A group of treaties by which France, Belgium, Germany, Britain, and Italy jointly
guaranteed the existing Franco-German border and also the continued
demilitarization of the Rhineland. They also agreed to negotiate any of
Germany’s eastern boundary alterations. This “spirit of Locarno,” cooperation for
peace, marked the first decade after WWI.
2. A financial plan offered by the United States to Germany to assist in the
restructuring of reparation payments after WWI.
3. The treaty of peace between the Allied Powers and the German Republic after
WWI. German violations included re-arming, remilitarizing the Rhineland and
Anschluss with Austria. The United States refused to ratify the treaty because
membership in the League of Nations was tied to it.
4. Laws which stripped Germany’s Jews of their civil and human rights.
5. The concept of uniting Germanic-speaking peoples after WWI. This union was
expressly forbidden by the Peace Conference of 1919 but was accomplished
without protest by Hitler in 1938.
6. A declaration of long-term aims issued by Roosevelt and Churchill reaffirming
such concepts as freedom of the seas, freer trade, self-determination and
disarmament. Significant because this occurred while the USA was still neutral.
7. A pogrom in Germany precipitated by the assassination of a Nazi official in Paris.
An indication of the use of the dictatorial technique of direction of popular
discontent.
8. The day of the Allied landings on the coast of Normandy. Marked the beginning
of the end for the Third Reich and the opening of a significant second front.
9. Turning point in the war in the Pacific versus the Japanese. Following the
significant defeat of the Japanese navy, the United States went on the offensive in
the Pacific. Land and carrier-based American planes decisively defeated a
Japanese fleet on its way to invade the Midway Islands.
10. This German invasion ended Allied appeasement of Germany. When Germany
invaded the Allies declared war two days later.
11. Japanese invasion into China and subsequent creation of the puppet-state of
Manchukuo. Used primarily as an example of the ineffectiveness of the League
of Nations because the Lytton Report branded Japan the aggressor but the League
took no other action.
12. The site of a major tank battle in North Africa where British forces under
Montgomery stopped the German advance led by Rommel and his Afrika Corps.
One of the main turning points in the war.
13. The military alliance in WWII involving Germany, Italy, and later Japan. Also
known as the Tripartite Pact.
14. A pact that renounced war as an instrument of foreign policy. Signed by most
industrial nations. An indication of the desire to avoid war. Also known as the
Pact of Paris.
15. The meeting at which Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin discussed post-war
problems, the setting up of the UN and the Soviet entry into the war against
Japan. Terms also agreed upon included that Germany would be divided into four
zones and that Poland would be free to choose its own government.
16. Truman, Stalin, and Clement Atlee (new British PM) met post-war and decided
on the following: Germany would pay reparations for war damages, would be denazified, and Nazis accused of war crimes would be brought to trial and punished.
Final boundaries for the German occupation zones were decided. Start of the
mistrust that marked superpower relations until recent years.
17. Wartime conference where Stalin was guaranteed that the Allies would begin a
second front in the spring of 1944. Churchill’s proposal for a second front to
begin in the Balkans was rejected.
18. Hitler’s failed attempt to seize power in Munich.
19. An act passed by the German Reichstag that allowed Hitler to legislate for four
years without the Reichstag’s approval.
20. Agreement whereby Hitler and Mussolini were able to force Chamberlain and
Daladier into giving Germany the Sudetenland portion of Czechoslovakia – the
ultimate example of appeasement.
21. A war between the leftist republicans and the right wing forces under Franco.
The Republican forces were supported ineffectively by Russia while Franco had
active support of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy and emerged victorious.
22. This battle marked the major turning point in WWII. When Germany failed to
take this soviet city she effectively lost the war.
23. Two year long battle for control of the seas surrounding Europe. Battle was
especially significant because Britain needed to keep vital supply lines open.
However, with constant German U-Boat attacks of military and civilian ships it
became difficult to keep Britain supplied. By 1943, most German U-Boats had
been destroyed and the Allies took control of the seas.
24. Dubbed Operation Sea Lion, Hitler attempted to get ground troops onto the
British mainland. The Luftwaffe bombed British airfields and cities for a full year
before realizing that the British could not be defeated. Hitler then turned his
sights toward the USSR.
25. The German industrial area east of the Rhine River that was occupied by Belgian
and French troops after Germany defaulted on its reparation payments. This
occupation precipitated the disastrous inflation of 1923.
26. After a five year period of stability in Europe, further modifications to the
payment of German reparations were made, which spread payments out over 59
years. The collapse of the American stock market in 1929 dashed any hopes of
further payments.
27. To relieve the pressure of the great depression on European debtors, the United
States offered a one-year suspension of all intergovernmental debts.
28. Established under the League Covenant as a world organization for peace but was
weakened by non-participation of some of the major powers, principally the
United States, and by ineffective means of enforcing its decisions. Officially
disbanded in 1946.
29. The Nazi purge of the Sturmabteilung (S.A.) leadership, and Hitler's political
opponents; between 77 (official) and 400 people are believed to have been
murdered.
30. Holding up their end of the Nazi-Soviet Pact, the Soviets invaded Poland
following the German invasion of that country. The Soviets followed this up by
invading the Baltic countries of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia and Finland in the
north.
31. Several months of stalling and posturing that took place between the great powers
after the German invasion of Poland and prior to the German invasion of France.
32. Just over one month following the German invasion of France, the French
surrendered. British military and civilian ships rescued French and British
soldiers across the English Channel known as the “Miracle at Dunkirk.”
33. Rather than experiencing a demoralizing and destructive attack from the
Luftwaffe, the French accepted the inevitable and handed their largest city to the
Germans.
34. As a result of the Munich Conference and Allied appeasement, Hitler annexed a
large area of Czechoslovakia containing many ethnic Germans.
35. As the Soviet army arrived at Berlin from the east and the Allies pushed into
Germany through the Rhineland, Adolf Hitler accepted the inevitable and took his
own life in an underground bunker in Berlin.
36. Known as VJ-Day (Victory in Japan), the Japanese surrendered to the Allies after
the subsequent bombing and destruction of two major Japanese cities.
37. The end of the war in Europe came after Hitler committed suicide in Berlin and
the subsequent surrender of all German forces. The Potsdam Conference that set
out the terms to end the war followed this.
38. Hitler proclaimed universal military training in Germany. This began the
rearmament program that created full employment and much pride in Germany.
Many Germans considered Hitler a hero for doing this.
39. Known as Operation Barbarossa. Hitler broke the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression
Pact and invaded a stunned Stalin.
40. Following the Reichstag fire, Hitler suspended all civil rights and moved to
destroy all left-wing political opponents. Failing to win a majority in the next
election he convinced (through propaganda and fear) other members of the
Reichstag to vote for the passage of the Enabling Act. This gave his four years of
rule by decree. Following the death of Chancellor Hindenburg in 1934, Hitler
merged the positions of Chancellor and President and took total control of
government.
41. In 1933 Germany was told at an international meeting that they would not be
allowed to have certain weapons. They walked out of the meeting and shortly
after left the League of Nations. Leaving the League of Nations led to the
proclamation of universal military training in Germany in 1935 and the
reoccupation of the Rhineland in 1936.
42. Il Duce became president and dictator in Italy bringing in the world’s first fascist
dictatorship. Mussolini and his Blackshirts eliminated all opposition and
terrorized the people and the king into allowing him to come to power. This had a
great influence on Hitler.
43. Admiral Hirohito led the Japanese naval fleet against the USA’s Pacific fleet
stationed at Hawaii. This was in response to the Americans ceasing trade of fuel
oil with the Japanese in response to Japanese aggression and expansion in the
south Pacific.
44. The Allies refused to further appease Hitler and realized that he would not stop
his assault until all of Europe belonged to him. The Allied powers declared war
on Germany following Germany’s blitzkrieg of Poland (although they provided
little assistance to Poland).
45. Mussolini, following the example of Japan’s invasion of Manchuria, invaded a
territory of their own. This was another example of the failure of the League of
Nations as little was done to stop the Italians or to assist the invaded country.
46. Although Hitler was not yet ready to fight a war, he gambled and invaded this
territory on the hope that it would not precipitate a French military response.
Although he broke the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, no allied response
occurred and this former French territory was remilitarized and brought back
under complete German control.
47. Pact signed between Hitler and Stalin prior to WWII. The pact outlined the nonaggression between the two countries and decided that they would simultaneously
invade Poland and spilt the country. It also gave Hitler the assurance that he
needed that he would not have to fight a two-front was when he invaded France.
48. Under the auspices of the Weimar government, Germany was allowed into the
collective security agreement outlined by the Treaty of Versailles.
49. Following the annexation of the Sudetenland, Germany marched in and occupied
the remainder of this country.
50. After several months of posturing, German troops launched their assault on this
country defeating her in six weeks.
51. The Enola Gay dropped the first weapon of its kind on this Japanese city causing
60,000 dead and 100,000 injured.
52. After several warnings and pleading with the Japanese government to surrender,
another massive bomb was dropped on Japan causing additional death and
destruction to be added to results of the bomb dropped three days before.
53. Pact signed between Axis countries that pledged to stop the spread of communism
in their countries.
54. Following several postwar years of prosperity, buying stocks on speculation and
insider trading fraud brought on the collapse of the American economy. This
resulted in a worldwide depression and crisis.
55. Germany’s first concentration camp created because the German prisons were
overflowing with political dissidents. Became an extermination camp complete
with gas chamber and crematorium.