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Organ MOUTH TEETH Structure True or Function Chemical or Accessory ? Mechanical? -where food True -starts the BOTH enters the breakdown of (mechanical body food with teeth; chemical with saliva) Accessory -chewing breaks food into small pieces to increase surface area Mechanical Organ Structure SALIVARY GLANDS -grainy sacs under the tongue and in the roof of the mouth TONGUE -muscle at the bottom of the mouth True or Accessory? Accessory Accessory Function -produce saliva with amylase that breaks down starch -pushes food to the back of the mouth -contains taste buds Chemical or Mechanical? Chemical Mechanical Organ Structure True or Accessory? Function Chemical or Mechanical? PHARYNX -the back of the throat True passageway for food and air Mechanical epiglottis= a small flap of tissue that blocks the entrance to the trachea when swallowing Organ Structure ESOPHAGUS -a long muscular tube True or Function Chemical or Accessory ? Mechanical? True -brings food Mechanical from mouth and pharynx to the stomach peristalsis = strong wave-like muscle contractions of the esophagus Organ Structure STOMACH -a muscular sac with thick, expandable walls True or Accessory? True Function -stomach walls contract to mix and churn food Chemical or Mechanical? Mechanical -glands Chemical release acids and enzymes -pepsin to breakdown breaks down food proteins. -mucus is produced to lubricate the digestive tract & protect the stomach lining -a small amount of lipase breaks down some lipids Organ Structure SMALL INTESTINE -a tube connected to the stomach; about 2.5 cm wide and 6 m long!!! True or Accessory? True Function Chemical or Mechanical? Chemical -food is broken down more & -remaining nutrients are carbs, absorbed proteins, and lipids are villi = broken down projections that line the inside of the small intestine. They absorb nutrients from the food. What helps the small intestine digest and absorb the nutrients??? THE ACCESSORY ORGANS! Organ Structure LIVER - a large organ located on the right side of the body True or Accessory? Accessory -small and sac-like -processes and stores nutrients and produces bile Chemical or Mechanical? Chemical bile = a digestive fluid that breaks up fat into droplets - it consists of 4 lobes in the human GALL BLADDER Function Accessory -stores and secretes bile Chemical Organ Structure PANCREAS -a gland that looks like a triangular cluster of grapes LARGE INTESTINE (a.k.a. COLON) -a tube that makes an upside down U over the small intestine -about 6cm wide and 1.5 m long True or Accessory? Function Chemical or Mechanical? Accessory -secretes enzymes into small intestine to breakdown carbs, proteins, and fats Chemical True -absorbs -neither, by excess this time the water, food is sodium, and already minerals digested and -compacts only waste waste remains Organ Structure RECTUM -the last 15-20 cm of the large intestine True or Accessory? True Function Chemical or Mechanical? -store feces -neither, the until it’s food has released already been through the digested anus -connects large intestine to anus ANUS -a sphincter muscle True -where feces exits the body neither
