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Transcript
Warm-Up Questions • What is a force? • What kind of different forces affect you each and every day? What is a force? • Any push or pull • Generally changes the motion of an object – Can stop, change the speed, and change the direction of a moving object (accelerate) • Acceleration = change in velocity – Velocity = speed & direction • Can act in any direction! Warm-Up Question • What do forces do to objects? • List at least one example of when you have experienced inertia… Forces continued… • What happens to an object with no forces acting upon it? – Object will continue to move at the same speed in the same direction – Otherwise known as….. • Inertia – The resistance of an object to change its motion How do we measure force? • with Force Scales • Units for Force? – In Newtons • named after Sir Isaac Newton The first type of force we will be measuring… Gravitational Force • What is gravity? – The natural force of attraction between any two massive bodies • (all objects pull on one another) – Every object has its own gravitational force • Depends on mass and distance of object(s)! • Earth’s gravity acts downward toward the center of the Earth Questions • How would walking up 300 flights of stairs in a sky scraper affect your body weight? • Hypothetically speaking, would there be a greater gravitational pull on a microscopic particle by….? Time to read… • Read Gravity Article • Make note of: – Isaac Newton’s findings – Galileo’s findings – The circumstances that would change the strength of the pull of gravity on our bodies When measuring… • What does it mean for your measurements to be accurate? Precise? • Accurate – how closely a measured value agrees with the correct value • Precise – how closely individual measurements agree with each other Questions • You measure the force of a mass on your force scale to be 4 N, 5N, and 4.3 N. The actual force from the mass is 10 N. Were your measurements precise, accurate, both, or neither? Questions • You measure the force of a mass on your force scale to be 8.2 N, 11.3N, and 9.8 N. The actual force from the mass is 10 N. Were your measurements precise, accurate, both, or neither? Questions • You measure the force of a mass on your force scale to be 3 N, 7N, and 15 N. The actual force from the mass is 10 N. Were your measurements precise, accurate, both, or neither? Questions • You measure the force of a mass on your force scale to be 9 N, 9.7N, and 10.4 N. The actual force from the mass is 10 N. Were your measurements precise, accurate, both, or neither? Accurate vs. Precise Making Force Scales • Use pages 9-10 for assistance Questions • What does calibrate mean? What are some things that you calibrate? • Calibrate – Mark off intervals on an instrument (adjusting the instrument) so that it can be used to measure something correctly – Helps make your precise measurements accurate Gravitational Constant • the force of gravity on Earth is 0.01 N on each gram of mass – .01 N/g – 1 g = 1 mL = .01 N How to measure using a graduated cylinder? • Measure from the bottom of the meniscus! Video Questions • Why does Earth’s gravity have the greatest affect on us? • If you were to travel from the Earth to the Moon, would your mass change? • What would happen if you dropped a crumpled piece of paper and a flat piece of paper in a vacuum? Mythbusters Buttered Side Up or Down? • Knowing what you know about gravity and how it pulls on different masses, do you think a piece of bread with one side buttered will always land on the buttered side? Algebra Review • W = mk … Solve for m • W = mk … Solve for k • m = W/k … Solve for W • m = W/k … Solve for k • Plug W=mk into the equation F=ma Warm-Up Question • When measuring, what does it mean to obtain results in real vs. ideal situations? Simulation -- Exit Slip • Write a general rule for the gravitational force between objects, that explains the effect of mass and distance.